In this article,
three unsymmetrical 7-(diethylamino)quinolone
chalcones with D-π–A-D and D-π–A-π-D
type push–pull molecular arrangements were synthesized via
a Claisen–Schmidt reaction. Using 7-(diethylamino)quinolone
and vanillin as electron donor (D) moieties, these were linked together
through the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl system acting as
a linker and an electron acceptor (A). The photophysical properties
were studied, revealing significant Stokes shifts and strong solvatofluorochromism
caused by the ICT and TICT behavior produced by the push–pull
effect. Moreover, quenching caused by the population of the TICT state
in THF–H2O mixtures was observed, and the emission
in the solid state evidenced a red shift compared to the emission
in solution. These findings were corroborated by density functional
theory (DFT) calculations employing the wb97xd/6-311G(d,p) method.
The cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was assessed on
BHK-21, PC3, and LNCaP cell lines, revealing moderate activity across
all compounds. Notably, compound 5b exhibited the highest
activity against LNCaP cells, with an LC50 value of 10.89
μM. Furthermore, the compounds were evaluated for their potential
as imaging agents in living prostate cells. The results demonstrated
their favorable cell permeability and strong emission at 488 nm, positioning
them as promising candidates for cancer cell imaging applications.