Targeting foam cell formation to improve recovery from ischemic stroke

Zbesko, Jacob C.; Stokes, Jessica; Becktel, Danielle A.; Doyle, Kristian P.

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106130

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…For example, myeloid cells that take on a foamy appearance are a key driver of the inflammatory response after an IS. Targeting lipid accumulation in foam cells may be a promising strategy for accelerating recovery from IS ( 133 ).…”

Section: Prospect and Future Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke: research progress, prospects, and future direction

Kuang,

Zhu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Complicated mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of IS. Immunomodulatory mechanisms are crucial to IS. Acupuncture is a traditional non-drug treatment that has been extensively used to treat IS. The exploration of neuroimmune modulation will broaden the understanding of the mechanisms underlying acupuncture treatment. This review summarizes the immune response of immune cells, immune cytokines, and immune organs after an IS. The immunomodulatory mechanisms of acupuncture treatment on the central nervous system and peripheral immunity, as well as the factors that influence the effects of acupuncture treatment, were summarized. We suggest prospects and future directions for research on immunomodulatory mechanisms of acupuncture treatment for IS based on current progress, and we hope that these will provide inspiration for researchers. Additionally, acupuncture has shown favorable outcomes in the treatment of immune-based nervous system diseases, generating new directions for research on possible targets and treatments for immune-based nervous system diseases.

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Section: Prospect and Future Directionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke: research progress, prospects, and future direction

Kuang,

Zhu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…Through optical microscopy, we observed the presence of FCs in 29/100 (29%) of analyzed clots. FCs exhibit impaired immune functions and prolonged inflammation, contributing to the progression of stroke pathology in the chain of chronic inflammation after stroke [35]. CRP has been suggested to promote platelet activation and FC generation through macrophages differentiation; it has been associated with large-artery atherotrombotic events [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foam Cells Analysis from Retrieved Stroke Clot for the Identification of Atherothrombotic Etiology

Giammello,

Ciacciarelli,

Cosenza

et al. 2024

CTN

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Background: In atherothrombotic acute ischemic stroke (AIS), when the atheroma breaks down, the clot can incorporate foam cells (FCs). The identification of the correct etiology is paramount for secondary stroke prevention. This study aims to evaluate the presence of the FC in the arterial clot, and to determine whether patients with FCs and patients without FCs (NFCs) had different cerebrovascular risk factors, haemato-chemical parameters, and atherosclerotic disease incidence, in order to predict the etiological diagnosis. Methods: We collected 100 clots retrieved by mechanical thrombectomy from 495 consecutive AIS patients with large vessel occlusion. An expert pathologist evaluated the FC presence by histological examination stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: We observed FCs in 29/100 (29%) of retrieved clots and divided the patients into two groups, with/without FCs. The two groups had similar clinical and laboratory features, with a discrepancy between the FC presence in the clot and the clinical etiological diagnosis, even if not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our study showed the presence of FCs in approximately one-third of the retrieved clots, but the identification of the clot that presumably comes from the atheromatous plaque rupture tended to disagree with the clinical diagnosis. Future studies may reveal their potential to disclose clot origin or specific patient characteristics, guiding treatment options.

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“…The later phase is characterized by antigen presentation, immunoglobulin production, and B cell activation as well as lipid accumulation and the formation of foam cells. Given that foam cells can contribute to a chronic inflammatory environment 87 , targeting foam cells or preventing lipid overload could help brain repair after ICH. Notably, recent research has demonstrated that using liver X receptor agonists to promote cholesterol efflux and macrophage recirculation can reduce brain injury and promote tissue regeneration following ICH 88 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatiotemporal transcriptomic maps of mouse intracerebral hemorrhage at single-cell resolution

Xiang,

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe and widespread disease that results in high mortality and morbidity. Despite significant advances made in clinical and preclinical research, the prognosis of ICH remains poor due to an incomplete understanding of the complex pathological responses. To address this challenge, we generated single-cell resolution spatiotemporal transcriptomic maps of mouse brain 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after ICH. Our analysis revealed the cellular constituents and their dynamic responses following ICH. We found changes in gene expression that are indicative of active phagocytosis and lipid processing in the lesion core and identified genes associated with brain repair at the lesion border. Persistent lipid accumulation culminated in the phenotypic transition of macrophages into foam cells. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that ICH could stimulate neural stem cells in the subventricular zone, thereby enhancing neurogenesis in this niche. This study provides a spatiotemporal molecular atlas of mouse ICH that advances the understanding of both local and global responses of brain cells to ICH and offers a valuable resource that can aid the development of novel therapies for this devastating condition.

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Targeting foam cell formation to improve recovery from ischemic stroke

Cited by 9 publications

References 133 publications

The immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke: research progress, prospects, and future direction

The immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke: research progress, prospects, and future direction

Foam Cells Analysis from Retrieved Stroke Clot for the Identification of Atherothrombotic Etiology

Spatiotemporal transcriptomic maps of mouse intracerebral hemorrhage at single-cell resolution

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