Targeting of Transfers in Developing Countries

Coady, David; Grosh, Margaret; Hoddinott, John

doi:10.1596/0-8213-5769-7

Cited by 389 publications

(412 citation statements)

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“…Errors of exclusion and inclusion provide an idea of which households benefit but not of the actual extent of those benefits (Coady et al, 2004). This deficiency can be overcome by indicators of benefit incidence.…”

Section: Distributional Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributional effects of water tariff reforms – An empirical study for Lima, Peru

Barde

Lehmann

2014

Water Resources and Economics

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThis study analyzes the affordability and distributional implications of water tariff reforms for poor water customers under means-tested tariffs in comparison to increasing block tariffs (IBTs) using volumetric targeting. For this purpose, we employ a unique data set for Lima, Peru. Our analysis reveals that from a pro-poor perspective, the performance of means-tested tariffs is mixed. On the one hand, they distribute more income to poor households than the IBTs, given the assumption that the overall revenue to the water supplier remains constant.On the other hand, the share of poor customers who actually benefit from water subsidies declines with means-testing. Nevertheless, means-tested tariffs clearly outperform IBTs in terms of excluding non-poor customers from being subsidized. These findings should be generalized with care as the performance of the tariff crucially depends on the cut-off value for cross-subsidies and the block prices chosen under volumetric targeting and on the design of the means-test. Our analysis further suggests that a proper assessment of individual welfare effects should take household size into account and rest on a broad set of affordability and distributional indicators. Interestingly, our results are relatively insensitive to the price elasticity of water demand.

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Section: Distributional Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distributional effects of water tariff reforms – An empirical study for Lima, Peru

Barde

Lehmann

2014

Water Resources and Economics

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“…Targeting poor households is, however, a non-trivial endeavor in many developing countries which often do not have systematic household/individual level income or consumption data (van de Walle 1998). Proxy means testing can be used as an alternative targeting method but its use so far has been largely limited to middle-income countries because it is administratively challenging (Coady, Grosh, and Hoddinott 2004). Furthermore, in many developing countries households under-invest in female education and health due to complex socio-economic factors, often necessitating gender-targeted interventions (Ezeminari, Chaudhury, and Owens 2000) 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditional Cash Transfers And Female Schooling : The Impact Of The Female School Stipend Program On Public School Enrollments In Punjab, Pakistan

Chaudhury¹,

Parajuli²

2007

Policy Research Working Papers

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Instead of mean-tested Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) programs, some countries have implemented gender-targeted CCTs to explicitly address intra-household disparities in human capital investments. This study focuses on addressing the direct impact of a female school stipend program in Punjab, Pakistan -Did the intervention increase female enrollment in public schools? To address this question, we draw upon data from the provincial school censuses 2003 and 2005. We estimate the net growth in female enrollments in grade 6-8 in stipend eligible schools. Impact evaluation analysis, including difference-and-difference (DD), triple differencing (DDD) and regression-discontinuity design (RDD), indicate a modest but statistically significant impact of the intervention. The preferred estimator derived from a combination of DDD and RDD empirical strategies suggests that the average program impact between 2003 and 2005 was an increase of six female students per school in terms of absolute change and an increase of 9 percent in female enrollment in terms of relative change. A triangulation effort is also undertaken using two rounds of a nationally representative household survey before and after the intervention. Even though the surveys are not representative at the sub-provincial level, the results corroborate evidence of the impact using school census data.

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“…Neglecting exclusion errors can sometimes cause misleading assessments of targeting. From a metasurvey of targeted programs, Coady, Grosh, and Hoddinot (2004) conclude that with all its errors, a proxy-based means testing offers significant improvements in targeting. However, this conclusion is based entirely on looking at the share of the poor in the total subsidy as a measure of targeting performance.…”

Section: Targeting Performance and Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Nets and Food Programs in Asia: A Comparative Perspective

2013

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. Terms of use: Documents inADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use.By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term "country" in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.Note: In this publication, "$" refers to US dollars.The ADB Economics Working Paper Series is a forum for stimulating discussion and eliciting feedback on ongoing and recently completed research and policy studies undertaken by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) staff, consultants, or resource persons. The series deals with key economic and development problems, particularly those facing the Asia and Pacific region; as well as conceptual, analytical, or methodological issues relating to project/program economic analysis, and statistical data and measurement. The series aims to enhance the knowledge on Asia's development and policy challenges; strengthen analytical rigor and quality of ADB's country partnership strategies, and its subregional and country operations; and improve the quality and availability of statistical data and development indicators for monitoring development effectiveness.

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Targeting of Transfers in Developing Countries

Cited by 389 publications

References 0 publications

Distributional effects of water tariff reforms – An empirical study for Lima, Peru

Distributional effects of water tariff reforms – An empirical study for Lima, Peru

Conditional Cash Transfers And Female Schooling : The Impact Of The Female School Stipend Program On Public School Enrollments In Punjab, Pakistan

Safety Nets and Food Programs in Asia: A Comparative Perspective

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