Targeting Oxidative Stress for Disease Prevention and Therapy: Where Do We Stand, and Where Do We Go from Here

Vassalle, Cristina; Maltinti, Maristella; Sabatino, Laura

doi:10.3390/molecules25112653

Cited by 60 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…There is a wide literature of oxidative stress manifestation in clinical settings, as presented in pertinent reviews [ 5 , 7 , 23 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. In-depth discussion of these aspects is beyond the scope of this Commentary (see [ 40 ]).…”

Section: Practical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

2020

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Oxidative stress is defined as “an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, leading to a disruption of redox signaling and control and/or molecular damage”. This Commentary presents basic features of this global concept which has attracted interest in biology and medicine. The term “antioxidants” in cellular defense against oxidants predominantly includes antioxidant enzymes with their substrates and coenzymes. Exogenous low-molecular-mass compounds also have a role, but this is more limited. Multiple biomarkers of damage due to oxidative stress have been identified for different molecular classes (protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and DNA), and the current state of practical aspects in health and disease is delineated.

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Section: Practical Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

2020

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“…The Trx system is involved in cell survival, tumor development, and inflammatory diseases, particularly lung cancer 15 – 18 . Oxidative stress due to overproduction of ROS, a lack of antioxidants, or both, can lead to permanent modifications of proteins, lipids, and DNA, leading to cell death and tissue inflammation, consequently resulting in the chronic progression of many diseases including cancer 19 , 20 . More importantly, oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are associated with each other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tempol differently affects cellular redox changes and antioxidant enzymes in various lung-related cells

Park

2021

Sci Rep

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Tempol (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl) is a potential redox agent in cells. The present study investigated changes in cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) levels and in antioxidant enzymes, in Tempol-treated Calu-6 and A549 lung cancer cells, normal lung WI-38 VA-13 cells, and primary pulmonary fibroblasts. Results demonstrated that Tempol (0.5–4 mM) either increased or decreased general ROS levels in lung cancer and normal cells at 48 h and specifically increased O2•− levels in these cells. In addition, Tempol differentially altered the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and thioredoxin reductase1 (TrxR1) in A549, Calu-6, and WI-38 VA-13 cells. In particular, Tempol treatment increased TrxR1 protein levels in these cells. Tempol at 1 mM inhibited the growth of lung cancer and normal cells by about 50% at 48 h but also significantly induced cell death, as evidenced by annexin V-positive cells. Furthermore, down-regulation of TrxR1 by siRNA had some effect on ROS levels as well as cell growth inhibition and death in Tempol-treated or -untreated lung cells. In addition, some doses of Tempol significantly increased the numbers of GSH-depleted cells in both cancer cells and normal cells at 48 h. In conclusion, Tempol differentially increased or decreased levels of ROS and various antioxidant enzymes in lung cancer and normal cells, and induced growth inhibition and death in all lung cells along with an increase in O2•− levels and GSH depletion.

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“…The accumulation of misfolded proteins is the common hallmark, which occurs alongside neuronal loss in specific brain areas, caused by mitochondrial function impairment, enhancement in endoplasmic reticulum stress as well as neuroinflammation [ 2 ]. High levels of oxidative stress (OS) are usually described in the brain of patients suffering from neurodegenerative conditions, and increased formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been proposed as one of the potential crucial steps in their development [ 3 ]. Indeed, ROS are not considered as mere “triggering factors”, but rather they are likely to worsen the progression of the disease being produced also during the brain inflammatory response [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive Leaves and Hibiscus Flowers Extracts-Based Preparation Protect Brain from Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury

et al. 2020

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Oxidative stress (OS) arising from tissue redox imbalance, critically contributes to the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, natural compounds, owing to their antioxidant properties, have promising therapeutic potential. Pres phytum (PRES) is a nutraceutical product composed of leaves- and flowers-extracts of Olea europaea L. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L., respectively, the composition of which has been characterized by HPLC coupled to a UV-Vis and QqQ-Ms detector. As PRES possess antioxidant, antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties, the aim of this study was to assess its neuroprotective effects in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and in rat brain slices subjected to OS. PRES (1–50 µg/mL) reverted the decrease in viability as well as the increase in sub-diploid-, DAPI-and annexin V-positive-cells, reduced ROS formation, recovered the mitochondrial potential and caspase-3 and 9 activity changes caused by OS. PRES (50–100 µg/mL) neuroprotective effects occurred also in rat brain slices subjected to H2O2 challenge. Finally, as the neuroprotective potential of PRES is strictly related to its penetration into the brain and a relatively good pharmacokinetic profile, an in-silico prediction of its components drug-like properties was carried out. The present results suggest the possibility of PRES as a nutraceutical, which could help in preventing neurodegenerative diseases.

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Targeting Oxidative Stress for Disease Prevention and Therapy: Where Do We Stand, and Where Do We Go from Here

Cited by 60 publications

References 80 publications

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

Oxidative Stress: Concept and Some Practical Aspects

Tempol differently affects cellular redox changes and antioxidant enzymes in various lung-related cells

Olive Leaves and Hibiscus Flowers Extracts-Based Preparation Protect Brain from Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury

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