Task errors contribute to implicit remapping in sensorimotor adaptation

Leow, Li‐Ann; Marinovic, Welber; Rugy, Aymar de; Carroll, Timothy J.

doi:10.1101/263988

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that changes in sensorimotor mapping can be driven purely by reinforcement learning (Izawa and Shadmehr 2011;Shmuelof et al 2012;Therrien et al 2016), which can occur without awareness (Alamia et al 2016). Furthermore, recent studies have shown that reward signals can modulate the extent of implicit motor learning (Kim et al 2018;Leow et al 2018;Reichenthal et al 2016). At the current time, whether modulation of reward can alter the tuning of the SLR is not known.…”

Section: Implicit Motor Learning Drives the Partial Adaptation Of Slr Tuning During Visuomotor Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

A rapid visuomotor response on the human upper limb is selectively influenced by implicit motor learning

Pruszynski

Gribble

et al. 2019

Journal of Neurophysiology

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How do humans learn to adapt their motor actions to achieve task success? Recent behavioral and patient studies have challenged the classic notion that motor learning arises solely from the errors produced during a task, suggesting instead that explicit cognitive strategies can act in concert with the implicit, error-based, motor learning component. In this study, we show that the earliest wave of directionally tuned neuromuscular activity that begins within ~100 ms of peripheral visual stimulus onset is selectively influenced by the implicit component of motor learning. In contrast, the voluntary neuromuscular activity associated with reach initiation, which evolves ~100–200 ms later, is influenced by both the implicit and explicit components of motor learning. The selective influence of the implicit, but not explicit, component of motor learning on the directional tuning of the earliest cascade of neuromuscular activity supports the notion that these components of motor learning can differentially influence descending motor pathways. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Motor learning can be driven both by an implicit error-based component and an explicit strategic component, but the influence of these components on the descending pathways that contribute to motor control is unknown. In this study, we show that the implicit component selectively influences a reflexive circuit that rapidly generates a visuomotor response on the human upper limb. Our results show that the substrates mediating implicit and explicit motor learning exert distinct influences on descending motor pathways.

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Section: Implicit Motor Learning Drives the Partial Adaptation Of Slr Tuning During Visuomotor Rotationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

A rapid visuomotor response on the human upper limb is selectively influenced by implicit motor learning

Pruszynski

Gribble

et al. 2019

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Task errors drive memories that improve sensorimotor adaptation

Leow

Marinovic

Rugy

et al. 2019

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11Traditional views of sensorimotor adaptation, or adaptation of movements to 12 perturbed sensory feedback, emphasize the role of automatic, implicit correction of 13 sensory prediction errors (differences between predicted and actual sensory 14 outcomes). However, latent memories formed from sensorimotor adaptation, 15 prominently evidenced in improved learning (i.e., savings), have recently been 16 attributed to strategic corrections of task errors (failures to achieve task goals). To 17 dissociate contributions of task errors and sensory prediction errors to latent 18 sensorimotor memories, we perturbed target locations to remove or enforce task 19 errors during learning and/or test. We show that prior learning to correct task errors 20 was sufficient for savings: a history of sensory prediction errors was neither sufficient 21 nor obligatory for savings. Limiting movement preparation time further revealed two 22 distinct components of this learning: 1) time-consuming, flexible strategies, and 2) 23 rapidly expressible, inflexible stimulus-response associations. The results show that 24 adaptive responses to sensorimotor perturbations take many forms. Herzfeld et al., 2014). According to this idea, experiencing a 66 systematic sequence of errors generates a memory of errors, which increases 67 sensitivity to those errors and the gain of error correction when reencountering 68 similar errors (Gonzalez Castro et al., 2014; Herzfeld et al., 2014). 65 Castro 69Despite the importance of the phenomenon of savings for the broad field of 70 3 motor learning, interest in the processes that underlie the effect has declined since 71 the emergence of compelling evidence that savings in standard visuomotor rotation 72 tasks is dominated by volitional, strategic selection of actions that restore task 73 success (Avraham et al., 2019; de Brouwer et al., 2017; Haith et al., 2015; Morehead 74 et al., 2015). For example, if leftward displacement of visual feedback causes a 75 person to miss the target to the left, they tend to deliberately aim to the right of the 76 target to counteract the error (Uhlarik, 1973). Using cues to signal perturbation onset 77 prompted rapid re-selection of the adapted movement on the first trial, even before 78 participants re-experienced the previously encountered error (Morehead et al., 79 2015). Similarly, suppressing strategy use by limiting movement preparation time 80 prevented the expression of savings (Haith et al., 2015). If savings were solely a 81 manifestation of deliberate strategy use, then "cognitive" functions which determine 82 how successfully one might acquire and implement strategies would be central to 83 acquisition of latent sensorimotor memories: non-strategic "motor" processes would 84 thus be of less importance. 85 But is the conscious awareness of a strategy, to apply a corrective movement 86 that already exists within the participant's motor repertoire, really all that is retained 87 when a person adapts movement to a perturbation? Or are there components of ...

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Task errors contribute to implicit remapping in sensorimotor adaptation

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

A rapid visuomotor response on the human upper limb is selectively influenced by implicit motor learning

A rapid visuomotor response on the human upper limb is selectively influenced by implicit motor learning

Task errors drive memories that improve sensorimotor adaptation

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