“…To further support this point of view, cardiologists likely understand applied atherothrombosis and vascular biology the best, and are familiar with the pharmaco therapeutics for primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and PAD. Technical skills and previous experience with coronary angioplasty are transferrable to cerebrovascular or peripheral vascular interventions, as reflected by the lower number of supervised procedures required before independent performance is recommended in the practice guidelines for the cardiology specialty compared with other specialties (2,4,12). Hence, many interventional cardiologists believe they are in the best position to provide endovascular treatment for cerebrovascular disease and PAD (10,11,13,14 assessment and management, or postprocedural care, makes it difficult for interventional radiologists to be a stand-alone specialty in providing vascular care.…”