TaTLP1 interacts with TaPR1 to contribute to wheat defense responses to leaf rust fungus

Abstract

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs), which are defined as pathogenesis-related protein family 5 (PR5) members, are common plant proteins involved in defense responses and confer antifungal activity against many plant pathogens. Our earlier studies have reported that the TaTLP1 gene was isolated from wheat and proved to be involved in wheat defense in response to leaf rust attack. The present study aims to identify the interacting proteins of TaTLP1 and characterize the role of the interaction between wheat and Puccinia triticina ( Pt ). Pull-down experiments designed to isolate the molecular target of TaTLP1 in tobacco resulted in the identification of TaPR1, a pathogenesis-related protein of family 1, and the interaction between TaTLP1 and TaPR1 was confirmed by yeast two-hybrid experiments (Y2H), bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC), and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). In vitro , TaTLP1 and TaPR1 together increased antifungal activity against Pt . In vivo , the disease resistance phenotype, histological observations of fungal growth and host responses, and accumulation of H 2 O 2 in TaTLP1-TaPR1 in co-silenced plants indicated that co-silencing significantly enhanced wheat susceptibility compared to single knockdown TaTLP1 or TaPR1 plants. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was significantly reduced in co-silenced plants compared to controls during Pt infection, which suggested that the TaTLP1-TaPR1 interaction positively modulates wheat resistance to Pt in an ROS-dependent manner. Our findings provide new insights for understanding the roles of two different PRs, TaTLP1 and TaPR1, in wheat resistance to leaf rust.

Rust effector PNPi interacting with wheat TaPR1a attenuates plant defense response

“…2). In a recent investigation, a similar apoplastic localization of TaPR1a-GFP was observed in tobacco leaves under plasmolysis treatment (Wang et al 2020). We also observed cytoplasmic and nuclear signals for the recombinant SP (TaPR1a) -PNPi (23-333) -GFP protein, which might be caused by the cell re-entry process of the PNPi protein via its N-terminal RSLL-DEEP region, or could be generated by traffic congestion of the secretion pathway in the Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression assay (Wawra et al 2017).…”

Nicotiana benthamiana asparagine synthetase associates with IP‐L and confers resistance against tobacco mosaic virus via the asparagine‐induced salicylic acid signalling pathway

“…Values represent mean ± SE from three biological replications. The statistical analyses were performed using Student's t test ( * p < 0.05, * * p < 0.01, * * * p < 0.001)pathways involved in plant protein degradation(Dreher & Callis, 2007;Li et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2020). We investigated the accumulation of NbAS-B in the presence or absence of MG132, a proteasome inhibitor.…”

Functional Analysis of Wheat NAC Transcription Factor, TaNAC069, in Regulating Resistance of Wheat to Leaf Rust Fungus

“…The linearized plasmids were used as templates for in vitro transcription using the mMESSAGE mMACHINE ® Kit High Yield Capped RNA Transcription Kit (Ambion) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. BSMV VIGS vectors harboring target gene sequences and Pt urediospores were co-inoculated into wheat cultivars TcLr19 and Thatcher according to previously described methods ( Wang et al, 2020 ). Plants mock inoculated with sterile water and plants inoculated with a VIGS vector targeting the wheat phytoene desaturase ( TaPDS ) gene were used as negative and positive controls, respectively.…”