Tattoo Darkening and Nonresponse After Laser Treatment

Ross, E. Victor; Yashar, Sharam S.; Michaud, Norman; Fitzpatrick, Richard; Geronemus, Roy G.; Tope, Whitney D.; Anderson, R. Rox

doi:10.1001/archderm.137.1.33

Cited by 73 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These vacuoles are also hold responsible for the sudden paleness of the tissues right after the administration of the tattoo pigment. CO 2 gas formed during the healing procedure of carbon based dye [5,13]. Small scattered fragment of pigments around the vacuoles are the results of high amounts of energy exploding due to the photoacustic effect of lasers according to our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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The Q-Switched Nd: YAG Laser in Tattoo Removal and the Effect of Lymphatic Elimination: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

Irkoren¹,

Demirdöver²,

Akad³

et al. 2011

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Background: Previously described methods for removal of tattoos are chemical, mechanical, surgical, termal and laser assited methods. Invention of the Q-switch mode, advanced the laser method, to be one of the most effective methods of tattoo removal. Objective: Comparing the tattoo removal and rate of lymphatic elimination of 3 different wavelengths of Q-switched Nd-YAG laser (532nm, 1064nm, combination 532 + 1064). Methods: In this study we examined lymphatic elimination and the effect of 532 nm, 1064 nm, and the combination (532 + 1064 nm) wavelength of laser pulse for the possible lymphatic cleansing mechanism of black pigmented tattoos. This study was performed on 18 New-Zealand rabbits, black pigmented tattoos were engraved on the back and the four extremities of the animals. 532 nm wavelength of Q switched Nd: YAG laser beam was applied on the left upper and bilateral lower extremities of the rabbits. During this period, excisional skin biopsies and lymph node biopsies were performed on days 7, 14 and 21. Results: Day 21 lymph node biopsies revealed mixed type of reactive hyperplasia and intracellular pigments were markedly seen in the laser treatment group and no intracellular tattoo pigment was seen in the control group. Conclusion: The findingd of this study indicate that lymphatic elimination may be one of the significant mechanisms of tattoo removal and the application of different wavelengths of Q-switched Nd-YAG laser do not show statistically significant differences in tattoo removal.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…However, the mechanism of action remains an area that is not agreed. [11][12][13]. Studies have shown that lasers increase transepidermal migration by fragmenting the pigments with their photoacustic effects [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Q-Switched Nd: YAG Laser in Tattoo Removal and the Effect of Lymphatic Elimination: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

Irkoren¹,

Demirdöver²,

Akad³

et al. 2011

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“…Titanium dioxide and ferric oxide are two scattering agents that are often used in tattoo dyes in order to render certain colors more vibrant. Both of these agents are troublesome for laser tattoo removal as they are not dispersed like the dyes themselves and instead may blacken in response to high intensity laser energy, leaving discoloration to the treated skin rather than improved cosmesis [5]. Currently, when the presence of these agents is suspected, the therapeutic laser is test fired onto a point of the tattoo in question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In both cases treatments are typically spaced over 4–8 weeks [2,3]. Complications include skin scabbing or blistering due to excessive absorption of laser energy by the surrounding tissue, hypo and hyper pigmentation, and spontaneous tattoo darkening due to the presence of titanium dioxide or ferric oxide [2,4,5]. Ideally, treatment will remove the tattoo with the fewest number of sessions while minimizing these complications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wide‐field spatial mapping of in vivo tattoo skin optical properties using modulated imaging

et al. 2009

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Background and Objectives-Modulated imaging is a new modality capable of wide-field, spatially resolved measurement of in vivo optical properties. Based on spatial light modulation, the method is inexpensive, non-contact, and allows spatial mapping of tissue absorption and reduced scattering coefficients at any wavelength between 450 and 1,100 nm. Currently, clinicians rely on qualitative visual inspection to guide parameter selection for laser-based tattoo removal. MI provides quantitative measurements of multi-colored tattooed skin which may help guide treatment and objectively assess response.

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“…It is observed that white, black, green, blue, and yellow inks rarely cause allergic reactions, while red inks are the most reactive in this regard, due to inclusions of various metals, i.e. aluminium, iron, silicon, titanium, calcium, mercury, cadmium, as well as organic azo colorants (5,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Rare Case of Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia of the Skin Arising in a Tattoo Site

Куклин¹,

Volkova²,

Кохан³

et al. 2017

RoJCED

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Tattoo Darkening and Nonresponse After Laser Treatment

Cited by 73 publications

References 12 publications

The Q-Switched Nd: YAG Laser in Tattoo Removal and the Effect of Lymphatic Elimination: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

The Q-Switched Nd: YAG Laser in Tattoo Removal and the Effect of Lymphatic Elimination: An Experimental Study in Rabbits

Wide‐field spatial mapping of in vivo tattoo skin optical properties using modulated imaging

A Rare Case of Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia of the Skin Arising in a Tattoo Site

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