Taurine Decreases Fecal Fatty Acid and Sterol Excretion in Cystic Fibrosis

Smith, Lesley

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1991.02160120069022

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Further studies to establish guidelines for UDCA therapy are therefore warranted, particularly because these patients frequently exhibit generalized alterations in pharmacokinetics of drug absorption (15). In this study, all patients received taurine because of the established beneficial effects of taurine administration on fat malabsorption in patients with CF (16). We have previously shown that the relatively low doses used did not change the proportion of taurine-conjugated bile acids in CF patients with liver disease (6) or in patients with chronic hepatitis (4) during UDCA treatment; the predominant form of conjugation of bile acids after UDCA therapy and taurine supplementation was with glycine, as has been shown for adult patients with normal liver function (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursodeoxycholic Acid Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis—Associated Liver Disease: A Dose–Response Study

et al. 1992

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Previous studies from our groups have demonstrated improvements in biochemical markers of liver function when cystic fibrosis patients with associated liver disease were administered oral ursodeoxycholic acid. The magnitude of the response was somewhat less than that found when comparable doses (10 to 15 mg/kg body wt/day) of ursodeoxycholic acid are given to other liver disease patients; this may be explained by the bile acid malabsorption that is characteristic of the disease. For this reason a dose-response study was carried out in nine cystic fibrosis patients with liver disease to establish whether improved efficacy could be obtained with higher doses. Ursodeoxycholic acid in doses of 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg body wt/day was given orally for consecutive 2-mo periods in a replicated Latin-square design. After this, all patients received 20 mg/kg body wt/day. Liver function, individual serum bile acids and biliary bile acid composition were determined at entry and at the end of each treatment period. Our data demonstrate that the magnitude of the biochemical improvement in serum liver enzymes was significantly greater with higher doses of ursodeoxycholic acid; at 20 mg/kg body wt/day it was similar to that reported for patients with other liver diseases administered lower doses. Biliary ursodeoxycholic acid enrichment increased with increasing doses, attaining 42% +/- 6% of the total biliary bile acids with the highest dose. Fasting serum ursodeoxycholic acid concentrations increased during ursodeoxycholic acid administration but were variable and correlated poorly with the dose of ursodeoxycholic acid administered, whereas no correlation was found between serum ursodeoxycholic acid concentration and the proportion of ursodeoxycholic acid in bile.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ursodeoxycholic Acid Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis—Associated Liver Disease: A Dose–Response Study

et al. 1992

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“…Multiple studies showed that taurine supplementation reduces fecal fat excretion and improves the nutritional status of CF patients, particularly in patients with severe steatorrhoea [39][40][41]. However, the beneficial effect of taurine supplementation on fat absorption is not unequivocally demonstrated [42][43][44][45].…”

Section: Intervention Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis; lessons from patients and mice

Wouthuyzen-Bakker

Bodewes

Verkade

2011

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis

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Fat malabsorption in pancreatic insufficient cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is classically treated with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT). Despite PERT, intestinal fat absorption remains insufficient in most CF patients. Several factors have been suggested to contribute to the persistent fat malabsorption in CF (CFPFM). We reviewed the current insights concerning the proposed causes of CFPFM and the corresponding intervention studies. Most data are obtained from studies in CF patients and CF mice. Based on the reviewed literature, we conclude that alterations in intestinal pH and intestinal mucosal abnormalities are most likely to contribute to CFPFM. The presently available data indicate that acid suppressive drugs and broad spectrum antibiotics could be helpful in individual CF patients for optimizing fat absorption and/or nutritional status.

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“…Available human data from the use of taurine in human medicine do not give any indication of safety concerns (Franconi et al, 1995;Takahashi and Nakane, 1978;Fukuyama and Ochiai, 1982;Airaksinen et al, 1980;Mantovani and DeVibo, 1979;Marchesi et al, 1975;Mutani et al, 1975;Azuma et al, 1983a;1983b;Fujita et al, 1987;Yamori et al, 1996;Krøll and Lund, 1966;Yamamoto et al, 1994;Gentile et al, 1994;Matsuyama et al, 1983;Podda et al, 1990;Kimura et al, 1992;Obinata et al, 1996;Durelli et al, 1982;Nyland et al, 1989;Kopple et al, 1990;Thompson 1988;Darling et al, 1985;Carrasco et al, 1990;Belli et al, 1987;Colombo et al, 1988;Smith et al, 1991;De Curtis et al, 1992;Skopnik et al, 1991;Colombo et al, 1990).…”

Section: Human Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of taurine and D-glucurono-gamma-lactone as constituents of the so-called “energy” drinks

2009

EFSA Journal

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SUMMARYFollowing a request from the Commission, the Scientific Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) has been asked to evaluate the safety-in-use of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone as constituents of the so-called "energy" drinks.In the present opinion the Panel evaluates the safety of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone as individual ingredients of so-called "energy" drinks based on the new studies provided by the petitioner.The Panel does not evaluate the safety of "energy" drinks as such.Taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone are constituents of the so-called "energy" drinks, but they also occur at much lower levels as natural ingredients in food, and they are also normal human metabolites. Previous Scientific Committee on Food (SCF) Opinions have summarized safety studies of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone, but the safety-in-use of these The use of taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone as constituents of the so-called "energy" drinksThe EFSA Journal (2009) 935, 2-31 two ingredients at the levels of exposure expected from their use in "energy" drinks could not be established at that time.In the absence of new chronic and acute exposure data, the exposures used in this opinion are based on the data reported by the SCF in 2003, i.e. a daily mean chronic consumption of 0.5 cans per person and a high chronic exposure at the 95 th percentile of 1.4 cans per regular consumer. The Panel notes that actual exposure data on "energy" drink consumption, especially for adolescents and young adults, may need to be collected. Based on the assumption that a can contains 250 mL and 4000 mg/L taurine and 2400 mg/L D-glucurono-γ-lactone, the SCF calculated that these values result in a mean daily exposure to 500 mg taurine (8.3 mg taurine/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person) and 300 mg D-glucurono-γ-lactone (5.0 mg D-glucurono-γ-lactone/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person). The 95 th percentile exposure of regular users would amount to 1400 mg taurine/day (23.3 mg/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person) and 840 mg D-glucurono-γ-lactone /day (14 mg/kg bw/day for a 60 kg person).If it is assumed that this amount of chronic consumption is relevant to occasional exposure of children of 25 kg body weight, then their exposure (on a body weight basis) would be about 2.5 times higher than that for adults (60-65 kg body weight). It must be emphasized that these estimates relate to chronic exposures by average and high consuming adults, and would not reflect the occasional and sporadic exposure that might occur in children. If the frequency of exposure for children would be 2.5 times lower than for adults, then the average chronic exposure for children, on a body weight basis, would be the same as for adults. If children were to consume the adult intake of 0.5 and 1.4 cans per person only once per week, then the average chronic exposure to "energy" drinks and their constituents for children, on a body weight basis, would be one third of that for adults.These estimates for the daily exposure to taurine and D-glucurono-γ-lactone from "energy"...

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Taurine Decreases Fecal Fatty Acid and Sterol Excretion in Cystic Fibrosis

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Ursodeoxycholic Acid Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis—Associated Liver Disease: A Dose–Response Study

Ursodeoxycholic Acid Therapy in Cystic Fibrosis—Associated Liver Disease: A Dose–Response Study

Persistent fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis; lessons from patients and mice

The use of taurine and D-glucurono-gamma-lactone as constituents of the so-called “energy” drinks

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