Taurine inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced compartment syndrome in rabbits1

Abstract

Aim: To investigate effects of taurine on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced compartment syndrome in rabbit hind limbs. Methods: Rabbits underwent femoral artery occlusion after ligation of branches from terminal aorta to femoral artery. After a 7-h ischemia, reperfusion was established with the use of heparinized polyethylene shunts. Rabbits received taurine (1 g/kg) or normal saline (control) by iv infusion 10 min before shunt placement. During reperfusion, anterior compartment pressure (ACP) was monitored continuously in the left lower extremity. Gastrocnemius muscle triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) level, taurine content and myeloperoxidase activity were assayed. Oxidative stress was induced in the in vitro gastrocnemius muscle slices by free radical generating systems (FRGS), and the malondialdehyde content was measured in presence or absence of taurine. Results: After 7 h of ischemia, none of the parameters that we measured were different from those before ischemia, except that TTC reduction decreased by 80%. In the control group, after 2 h of reperfusion, ACP increased 4.5-fold, and gastrocnemius muscle taurine content was reduced by 33%. In taurine-treated animals, at 2 h reperfusion, the mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were increased, by 6% and 10%. ACP decreased by 39%, muscle edema decreased by 16%, TTC reduction increased by 150%, and lactate dehydrogenase decreased by 36% compared to control group. Plasma and muscle taurine content increased by 70% and 88%, respectively. In the taurine-treated group, at 2 h reperfusion, plasma malondialdehyde and conjugated diene content were decreased by 38% and 23%, respectively, and muscle malondialdehyde and conjugated diene content decreased by 22% and 30%, respectively compared to the control group. At 2 h reperfusion, myeloperoxidase activity was increased 3.5-fold in control animals. In the in vitro study, taurine decreased malondialdehyde content in muscle slices incubated with hypochlorous acid in a dose-dependent manner, but there was no change when incubated with hydrogen peroxide and xanthine oxidase. Conclusion: Treatment with taurine inhibited I/R-induced compartment syndrome by at least in part attenuating oxidative stress injury induced by I/R, suggesting clinical application of taurine might be a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of compartment syndrome.

High‐dose Taurine Supplementation Increases Serum Paraoxonase and Arylesterase Activities in Experimental Hypothyroidism

“…Taurine is a well documented anti‐oxidant and hypolipidaemic agent. It has been suggested that taurine stabilizes biomembranes and scavenges free radicals 21 . The observation of reduced MDA levels in the present study could be related to the direct anti‐oxidant effects of taurine.…”

“…It has been suggested that taurine stabilizes biomembranes and scavenges free radicals. 21 The observation of reduced MDA levels in the present study could be related to the direct anti-oxidant effects of taurine. Because lipids are substrates for lipid peroxidation, a decrement in serum triglyceride levels could be another contributing factor to the reduced MDA levels.…”

Ex Vivo Normothermic Perfusion of Human Upper Limbs

“…It has been shown that taurine exhibits antioxidant effects and can decrease tissue oxidation caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), decrease inflammatory activity with no known side effects, 35,36 and reduce ischemia-reperfusion–induced compartment syndrome in experimental settings. 37 Taurine supplementation could prevent mitochondrial damage and subsequent oxidative stress and improve perfusion outcome.…”

Guanidinoacetate Inhibits Glutamate Uptake in Rat Striatum of Rats at Different Ages

“…Beneficial effects of taurine have been described in epilepsy, hypertension and diabettes [10]. It has been also demonstrated that treatment with taurine inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced compartment syndrome attenuating oxidative stress injury in rabbits [11]. Besides, we have recently shown that taurine prevents the inhibition of Na + ,K + -ATPase caused by GAA [12].…”