Taurine: Possible Role in Osmotic Regulation of Mammalian Heart

Thurston, Jean Holowach; Hauhart, Richard E.; Naccarato, Elise F.

doi:10.1126/science.7313699

Cited by 104 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is, therefore, assumed that taurine may be closely related to the osmotic regulation. Thurston et al (34,35) suggested that taurine was involved in the osmoregulation of the mammalian heart and brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue distribution and metabolic fate of 35S from 35S-taurine in pregnant mice by whole-body autoradiographic and biochemical study.

Shimono

Shimada

1988

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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Tissue distribution and metabolic fate of HS from 33S-taurine in pregnant mice were studied by whole-body autoradiography and biochemical analysis.Whole-body autoradiography was performed at 30 min, 3 and 6 hr after intravenous injection of 35S-taurine. In the maternal body, high densities were observed in the kidney, liver, bile and digestive tract, while low densities were in the blood and brain. The placenta showed a relatively high density, but the fetus was low density.As for the biochemical analysis, the mice were decapitated at the same intervals after injection as those for autoradiography and various tissues were removed. These tissues were fractionated into 6% perchloric acid-soluble, -insoluble and lipid fractions. Total radioactivities (cpm) per wet weight (g) were high in the liver, small intestine and kidney and low in the brain, blood and fetus. These data were consistent with those of whole-body autoradiographs. The greatest part (over 98%) of total radioactivities in all tissues was incorporated into the acid-soluble fraction.The acid-soluble fraction of each tissue was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography.The radioactive spots were examined for taurine and taurocholic acid in the bile, but only for taurine in all other tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue distribution and metabolic fate of 35S from 35S-taurine in pregnant mice by whole-body autoradiographic and biochemical study.

Shimono

Shimada

1988

Acta Histochem. Cytochem

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“…This contribution has been described in invertebrates and also in mammalian tissues such as cardiac cells (Thurston, Hauhart & Naccarato, 1981), Ehrlich cells (Hoffmann & Lambert, 1983;Lambert, 1984;Lambert & Hoffmannn, 1993) (Fugelli & Thoroed, 1986;Kirk, Ellory & Young, 1992), the skate (Goldstein & Brill, 1990, the eel (Fincham, Wolowyk & Young, 1987) and the trout (Garcia-Romeu, Cossins & Motais, 1991), and also in the cyclostomes, hagfish and lamprey (Brill, Musch & Goldstein, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hyposmotic shock on taurine transport in isolated trout hepatocytes

Michel¹,

Fossat²,

Porthé-Nibelle³

et al. 1994

Experimental Physiology

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SUMMARYIsolated trout hepatocytes exposed to hypotonic medium undergo a regulatory volume decrease (RVD) that occurs via two separate routes, K+-Cl-cotransport and amino acid release, the ion efflux accounting for 70 % of the total osmolyte loss. Taurine, glutamine and glutamic acid are the most important and represent 73 % of the total amino acid content (53 mmol (1 cell water)-').The osmolarity-sensitive release of amino acids was studied using [3H]taurine. Kinetic studies indicated two components for taurine influx: a linear Na+-independent transport and a saturable Na+-dependent system with a Michaelis-Menten constant (K.) of 122 fSM and a maximum velocity (Vmax) of 31-2 pmol (mg protein)-1 min-'. This second way of uptake was also chloride dependent and indicated an apparent coupling ratio Na+: Cl-: taurine of 2:1:1. The latter component and the taurine efflux were stimulated during RVD, leading to intracellular amino acid loss. Taurine efflux activation during volume recovery was transient and also dependent on the presence of both Na+ and Cl-in the extracellular medium. Furthernore, taurine release and RVD were slowed down when Ca2l was omitted from the medium. These results suggested two distinct and complementary mechanisms for volume regulation in trout hepatocytes during hypotonic conditions.

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“…see Fincham, Wolowyk & Young, 1987;Goldstein & Brill, 1990). Indeed, taurine and other amino acids, notably glycine and alanine, have been shown to contribute to a RVD in some mammalian cells, such as Ehrlich ascites tumour cells and rat heart (Thurston, Hauhart & Naccarato, 1981;Hoffmann & Lambert, 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a hyposmotic shock on amino acid efflux from lactating rat mammary tissue: stimulation of taurine and glycine efflux via a pathway distinct from anion exchange and volume‐activated anion channels

Shennan¹,

McNeillie²,

Curran³

1994

Experimental Physiology

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SUMMARYWe have examined the effect of a hyposmotic shock, and thus cell swelling, upon the efflux of amino acids, SO42-and 1-from lactating mammary tissue. A hyposmotic challenge increased the efflux of taurine and glycine via a 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (DIDS)-sensitive pathway. It appears that these amino acids do not exit via an anion-exchange mechanism following cell swelling because sulphate efflux, which uses a DIDS-sensitive exchange mechanism, was unaffected. The hyposmotic-induced efflux of taurine was not dependent upon the Na+ gradient and was not influenced by the nature of the anion in the incubation medium. In addition, taurine efflux was stimulated by incubating mammary tissue in an isosmotic medium that contained urea, suggesting that cell swelling is the stimulating factor rather than a decrease in osmolality per se. The results suggest that mammary tissue uses taurine and glycine as a means of regulating cell volume following swelling. In contrast, the efflux of glutamic acid, alanine and ac-aminoisobutyric acid was unaffected by a hyposmotic challenge.Similarly, the efflux of 1-was unaffected by such a challenge. The results suggest that volumeactivated amino acid transport in lactating rat mammary tissue is distinct from volume-regulated anion channels.

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Taurine: Possible Role in Osmotic Regulation of Mammalian Heart

Cited by 104 publications

References 16 publications

Tissue distribution and metabolic fate of 35S from 35S-taurine in pregnant mice by whole-body autoradiographic and biochemical study.

Tissue distribution and metabolic fate of 35S from 35S-taurine in pregnant mice by whole-body autoradiographic and biochemical study.

Effects of hyposmotic shock on taurine transport in isolated trout hepatocytes

The effect of a hyposmotic shock on amino acid efflux from lactating rat mammary tissue: stimulation of taurine and glycine efflux via a pathway distinct from anion exchange and volume‐activated anion channels

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