Taurine uptake by isolated alveolar macrophages and type II cells

Banks, Melanie A.; Martin, William G.; Pailes, William H.; Castranova, Vincent

doi:10.1152/jappl.1989.66.3.1079

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The configuration of the taurine uptake curve with a slow, gradual rise for 30 min followed by a plateau phase between 30 and 120 min is similar to the pattern observed in brain synaptosomes (14,15) and in intact cells such as type I1 alveolar pneumocytes (19). The different time course of taurine uptake in these systems versus renal brush border membrane vesicles, in which there is a rapid overshoot followed by a delayed equilibration (20)(21)(22), is probably due to inclusion of mitochondria within the synaptosomes (Figs.…”

Section: -Chd Chronic Hypernatremic Dehydrationsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The sensitivity of synaptosomal taurine transport to these agents differed from renal brush border membrane vesicles (5,20,21), human placental membrane vesicles (27), isolated rat brain capillaries (28), or pulmonary macrophages and type I1 pneumocytes (19). The diminished inhibitory capacity of @-aminoisobutyric acid versus p-alanine and hypotaurine may occur because @-aminoisobutyric acid is sterically too large to compete with taurine for cerebral uptake (29).…”

Section: -Chd Chronic Hypernatremic Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Taurine and Osmoregulation. IV. Cerebral Taurine Transport Is Increased in Rats with Hypernatremic Dehydration

1992

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ABSTRACT. Taurine is an organic osmolyte in brain cells. We studied whether cerebral taurine transport is enhanced as part of the cell volume regulatory adaptation to hypernatremia. Hypernatremic dehydration was induced for 48 h. Synaptosomes, metabolically active nerve terminal vesicles, were isolated by homogenization of brain and purification on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. Taurine transport was evaluated in vitro using a rapid filtration assay. After 48 h of hypernatremia, there was a 22.4% increment in Na+-specific taurine transport from 2.99 f 0.16 to 3.66 2 0.13 pmollmg protein130 min (p < 0.001). Dehydration for 48 h without hypertonic saline loading had no effect on taurine uptake. Glycine transport was unaltered by hypernatremia. The adaptation in taurine uptake resulted from an enhanced V,,, of the high affinity-low capacity transport system [265 +: 17, control versus 337 f 19 nmol/min/ mg protein, experimental ( p < 0.03)] without a change in the Km (260 pM). Under both control and hypernatremic conditions, Na+ and C1-were required for maximal total Na+-mediated taurine uptake. Oubain (1 mM) decreased taurine uptake by 25%, whereas addition of B-alanine or hypotaurine (500 pM) to the external media reduced taurine transport by 4 5 6 5 % in both control and experimental conditions ( p < 0.01). Synaptosomal taurine uptake in hypernatremic rats was inhibited by 1 5 2 0 % (p c 0.01) after addition of 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (0.1 mM) or 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (0.1 mM) to the external medium. We conclude that hypernatremic dehydration of moderate severity and duration results in stimulation of brain taurine uptake, mediated by increased activity of the B-amino acid carrier. An intact anionic binding site is required for maximal taurine uptake during hypernatremia.

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Section: -Chd Chronic Hypernatremic Dehydrationsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: -Chd Chronic Hypernatremic Dehydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taurine and Osmoregulation. IV. Cerebral Taurine Transport Is Increased in Rats with Hypernatremic Dehydration

1992

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“…18,19 In pneumocytes, taurine uptake is dependent on extracellular sodium, and acute hypoxia impairs the sodium transport systems. 20,21 Taurine has cytoprotective properties and contributes to calcium homeostasis and the regulation of membrane structure and intracellular osmolality. 22 We demonstrated that taurine suppressed the hypoxic upregulation of S100C mRNA through, in part, the inhibition of HIF-1-dependent transcriptional activation in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target validation in hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling using transcriptome/metabolome analysis

et al. 2003

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The present study describes combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis for therapeutic target validation in hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling. Exposure to hypoxic conditions resulted in the upregulation of S100C mRNA and increased taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) content in the rat lung, as demonstrated by differential display and amino-acid content analysis. Hypoxia resulted in transcriptional activation of the S100C promoter through hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). Taurine suppressed HIF-1-mediated increases in S100C transcription. Moreover, oral taurine administration attenuated vascular remodeling in hypoxic rat lung, whereas depletion of endogenous taurine by administration of beta-alanine resulted in increased vascular remodeling. Inhibition of HIF transcription by taurine may be of therapeutic benefit in preventing hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling. In conclusion, we used transcriptome and metabolome analysis to identify a therapeutic low-molecular-weight ligand that plays a critical role in hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling. These techniques provided an excellent strategy for screening and validation of targets.

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“…Taurine is normally found in millimolar concentrations, especially in tissues that are excitable and generate oxidants. Active uptake of taurine by AM is sodium-and energy-dependent and can achieve an intracellular concentration of 4.27 mM (13). Studies have shown that intracellular taurine exists in a rapidly exchangeable free pool and in a slowly exchangeable bound pool (29).…”

Section: Mm-1cmi-resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not clear, the action of taurine has been attributed to its oxidantinhibitory and membrane stabilizing properties (11). Recent studies by Banks et al (12,13) indicate that there is an active uptake of taurine by alveolar macrophages that results in an inhibition of oxidative cell injury caused by ozone exposure. These results suggest that taurine may be used to study the potential relationships between intracellular oxidative events and the fibrotic process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluoromicroscopic Studies of Bleomycin-Induced Intracellular Oxidation in Alveolar Macrophages and Its Inhibition by Taurine

Bhat¹,

Rojanasakul²,

Weber³

et al. 1994

Environmental Health Perspectives

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The mechanism of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis is not yet clear. Recent studies have shown that alveolar macrophages (AM) can be stimulated by bleomycin in vitro releasing inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the interaction of bleomycin with AM is an important step in the druginduced fibrotic process. Bleomycin is known to bind DNA and generate oxygen radicals through complexation with Fe2+ and oxygen. To provide more insight into the cellular oxidative property of bleomycin, we have developed a fluoromicroscopic method using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFHDA) as an oxidative fluorescence probe to study the bleomycin-induced intracellular oxidation in rat AM and the inhibition of the oxidation by taurine, a compound known to inhibit the bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Bleomycin at 5 to 20 pg/ml has a moderate stimulatory effect (1.87-to 2.66-fold) on the secretion of superoxide anion. A high concentration of bleomycin (20 pg/ml), however, inhibits cell response to zymosan-induced secretion of superoxide anion. At 4 pg/ml, bleomycin has no effect on cell membrane integrity or morphology but results in a significant increase in intracellular oxidation. This oxidative process is Fe2-dependent and is accompanied by an increase in intracellular calcium (35 nM). Both the intracellular oxidation and calcium rise induced by internalized bleomycin are inhibited by pretreatment of cells with varying concentrations of taurine (25, 125, and 187.5 pM). The inhibitory effect on intracellular oxidation was found to be 36, 57, and 60%, respectively. These results demonstrate a stimulation-inhibition relationship between bleomycin and taurine on the cellular oxidation at a subcytotoxic dose of bleomycin, suggesting that the oxidative effect of the intracellular bleomycin-Fe2+ complex is important in the initiation of the fibrotic process. -Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 10): 91-96 (1994)

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Taurine uptake by isolated alveolar macrophages and type II cells

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Taurine and Osmoregulation. IV. Cerebral Taurine Transport Is Increased in Rats with Hypernatremic Dehydration

Taurine and Osmoregulation. IV. Cerebral Taurine Transport Is Increased in Rats with Hypernatremic Dehydration

Target validation in hypoxia-induced vascular remodeling using transcriptome/metabolome analysis

Fluoromicroscopic Studies of Bleomycin-Induced Intracellular Oxidation in Alveolar Macrophages and Its Inhibition by Taurine

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