Taurodontism

Abstract

Taurodontism can be defined as a change in tooth shape caused by the failure of Hertwig's epithelial sheath diaphragm to invaginate at the proper horizontal level. An enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor, and no constriction at the level of the cemento-enamel junction are the characteristic features. Although permanent molar teeth are most commonly affected, this change can also be seen in both the permanent and deciduous dentition, unilaterally or bilaterally, and in any combination of teeth or quadrants. Whilst it appears most frequently as an isolated anomaly, its association with several syndromes and abnormalities has also been reported. Despite the clinical challenges, taurodontism has received little attention from clinicians. Due to the prevalence of taurodontism in modern dentitions and the critical need for its true diagnosis and management, this review addresses the etiology, clinical and radiographic features of taurodontism, its association with various syndromes and anomalies, as well as important considerations in various areas of expertise dental treatments of such teeth.

Cellular and molecular mechanisms of tooth root development

“…Taurodontism, another disorder affecting roots only, is specific to primary and permanent multirooted teeth and is characterized by apical displacement of the bi-or trifurcation (Dineshshankar et al, 2014). It is often associated with reduced constriction at the cementoenamel junction and an increased occluso-apical height of the crown and pulp cavity due to a delay in the development of the epithelial bridges in the presumptive area of the furcation (Dineshshankar et al, 2014).…”

“…It is often associated with reduced constriction at the cementoenamel junction and an increased occluso-apical height of the crown and pulp cavity due to a delay in the development of the epithelial bridges in the presumptive area of the furcation (Dineshshankar et al, 2014). Taurodontism may have a genetic component; for example, in tricho-dento-osseous syndrome, which is associated with DLX3 mutations (Wright et al, 2008).…”

Endodontic management of taurodontism with a complex root canal anatomy in mandibular posterior teeth

“…In addition, teeth with a dental anomaly are usually a challenge to endodontic treatment by clinicians. Taurodontism is one of the dental anomalies, first described by Gorjanovic-Kramberger 16. The characteristic of taurodontism includes an extremely large coronal pulp chamber space with short roots.…”

“…Taurodontism is recognised as a relatively rare morphoanatomical anomaly in the shape of the tooth, whose body is enlarged and the roots of teeth are reduced in size 16. It is reported that the pathogenesis of taurodontic root formation is due to a delay in the calcification of pulp chamber floor, or an alteration in Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath or disrupted development homeostasis 17.…”

“Bulls Eye For Bulls Teeth”- Endodontic Management of Taurodontism Using CBCT as A Diagnostic Tool- 2 Rare Case Reports

“…Taurodontism can be associated with Oligodontia which is an uncommon genetic condition representing the congenital missing of six teeth or more in primary or permanent dentitions [20]. Taurodontism is a dental anomaly characterized by a distinct morphology which has given it a name as "bull teeth" [21,22]. In the presented cases, both patients had no systemic disease or any syndrome [23,24].…”