“…There should be a balance between the two aims of the firms because if profits are foregone, the firm's long-term viability will suffer, and if liquidity is not managed, normal operations will suffer. According to Sani et al (2023), changes in firm liquidity and operational efficiency are subject to the management of working capital and are, therefore, considered crucial prospects for firms' financial management. Several types of analysis on the affiliation between the management of working capital and profitability have been performed in several eras and in various industries in Pakistan, where most of these are focused on textiles (Tufail et al, 2013;Sheikh et al, 2016), pharmaceuticals and chemicals (Shah, 2018;Ahmed et al, 2018), and in cement industries (Sarwat et al, 2017).…”