To examine the e¤ects on labor market performance of government tax and enforcement policies, this paper develops an equilibrium model featuring tax evasion, matching frictions, and worker-…rm wage bargains. In the wage bargains, workers and …rms can agree on the amount of remuneration that should not be reported to the tax authorities. We …nd that increased taxation actually reduces unemployment, whereas more zealous enforcement has the opposite e¤ect.JEL codes: J64, J41, H26 Keywords: Unemployment, matching, wage bargaining, tax evasion We want to thank two anonymous referees for very helpful comments and suggestions.