TaXA21-A1 on chromosome 5AL is associated with resistance to multiple pests in wheat

Abstract

A quantitative trait locus QYr.osu-5A on the long arm of chromosome 5A in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n = 6x = 42; AABBDD) was previously reported to confer consistent resistance in adult plants to predominant stripe rust races, but the gene causing the quantitative trait locus (QTL) is not known. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were used to saturate the QTL region. Comparative and syntenic regions between wheat and rice (Oryza sativa) were applied to identify candidate genes for QYr.osu-5A. TaXA21-A1, which is referred to as a wheat ortholog of OsXA21-like gene on chromosome 9 in rice, was mapped under the peak of the QYr.osu-5A. TaXA21-A1 not only explained the phenotypic variation in reaction to different stripe rust races but also showed significant effects on resistance to powdery mildew and Hessian fly biotype BP. The natural allelic variation resulted in the alternations of four amino acids in deduced TaXA21-A1 proteins. The interacting proteins of TaXA21-A1 were different from those identified by OsXA21 on rice chromosome 11 against bacterial leaf blight. TaXA21-A1 confers unique resistance against multiple pests in wheat but might not have common protein interactors or thus overlapping functions with OsXA21 in rice. XA21 function has diverged during evolution of cereal crops. The molecular marker developed for TaXA21-A1 would accelerate its application of the candidate gene at the QYr.osu-5A locus in wheat breeding programs.

Mapping of Leaf Rust Resistance Genes and Molecular Characterization of the 2NS/2AS Translocation in the Wheat Cultivar Jagger

“…when initially released, however within a few years races of P. triticina with virulence to Lr17a increased rapidly and the resistance in Jagger was much less effective ( Long et al 1998 ). Jagger is currently still used extensively as a parent due to the presence of many elite resistance genes for abiotic and biotic stresses, and many current hard red winter wheat cultivars in the U.S. have Jagger in their pedigrees ( Fang et al 2011 ; Liu et al 2015 , 2016 ; Turner et al 2016 ).…”

A lineage-specific Exo70 is required for receptor kinase-mediated immunity in barley

“…Further phylogenetic analysis using this subclade, along with putative homologs in 24 additional grass species, found that Rps8 LRR-RK and Xa21 are orthologs ( Figure 6b; Supplemental Tables 5 and 6 ). Extensive phylogenetic and functional characterization has been performed on the putative orthologs of Xa21 in the grasses (Tan et al, 2011; Cantu et al, 2013; Yang et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2019). In agreement with previous phylogenetic analysis, the wheat RK Xa21-like1 (TaXa21L1), Xa21-like2 (TaXa21L2), and Xa21-like3 (TaXa21L3) correspond to TraesCS4D01G352700.1, TraesCS2D01G585500.1, and TraesCS5A01G285000.1 (RefSeq2.0) (Cantu et al, 2013), and group distinct from the Xa21 subclade.…”

‘Gallagher’ and ‘Iba’ hard red winter wheat: Half‐sibs inseparable by yield gain, separable by producer preference

“…TaXA21‐A1 , a wheat orthologue of the OsXA21 ‐like gene on chromosome 9 in rice ( Oryza sativa L.), was identified as a candidate gene for QYr.osu‐5A (Liu et al., 2016). Located on chromosome 5AL, QYr.osu‐5A was originally associated with adult‐plant resistance to stripe rust in the recombinant inbred line population Jagger/2174, with secondary effects on powdery mildew and Hessian fly biotype GP reaction (Fang et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2016). Gallagher and Iba have the same TaXA21‐A1 allele as Duster, and like Duster, Iba contains Lr34 – Yr18 – Sr57 , but Gallagher does not.…”

“…Stripe rust resistance in Duster is conferred by the pleiotropic adult-plant resistance gene Lr34-Yr18-Sr57 and QYr.osu-5A. TaXA21-A1, a wheat orthologue of the OsXA21-like gene on chromosome 9 in rice (Oryza sativa L.), was identified as a candidate gene for QYr.osu-5A (Liu et al, 2016). Located on chromosome 5AL, QYr.osu-5A was originally associated with adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in the recombinant inbred line population Jagger/2174, with secondary effects on powdery mildew and Hessian fly biotype GP reaction (Fang et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2016).…”