Taxonomic and Gene Category Analyses of Subgingival Plaques from a Group of Japanese Individuals with and without Periodontitis

Izawa, Kazuki; Okamoto-Shibayama, Kazuko; Kita, Daichi; Tomita, Sachiyo; Saitô, Atsushi; Ishida, Takashi; Ohue, Masahito; Akiyama, Yutaka; Ishihara, Kazuyuki

doi:10.3390/ijms22105298

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The results are consistent with a similar association between these unculturable microorganisms with periodontitis using different microbial diagnostic methods in populations from North America [ 26 , 36 – 38 ], Europe [ 10 , 39 , 40 ], Asia [ 11 , 27 , 41 – 43 ], and Latin American [ 44 – 46 ]. Other microorganisms associated with severe lesions were of the genus Eubacterium belonging to the Peptostreptococcus family, which E. nodatum , E. brachy , and E. saphenum have been isolated and characterized from periodontitis samples [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Differential analysis of culturable and unculturable subgingival target microorganisms according to the stages of periodontitis

et al. 2023

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Objectives Culturable and unculturable microorganisms have been associated with periodontitis. Their differential proportions and composition have not been evaluated by their severity and complexity defined by stages in the 2018 AAP-EEP classification. Methods One hundred eighty subgingival biofilm samples were collected in Spain and Colombia from subjects categorized as health/gingivitis: periodontitis stages I/II periodontitis stages III/IV. Target culturable microorganisms (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Eubacterium nodatum) and target unculturable microorganisms (Filifactor alocis, Eubacterium saphenum, Eubacterium brachy, Desulfobulbus oralis) were evaluated by quantitative PCR analysis. In addition, their differences and association with periodontal status were analyzed by ANCOVA and logistic regression models once adjusted to age, current smoking, and country. Results P. gingivalis was significantly associated with periodontitis stages I/II, OR 2.44 (CI 95% 1.08–5.47) and stages III/V, OR 6.43 (CI 95% 2.43–16.9). T forsythia, OR 7.53 (CI 95% 2.07–27.4); D. oralis, OR 5.99 (CI 95% 2.71–13.23); F. alocis, OR 10.9 (CI 95% 4.56–23.2); E. brachy, 3.57 (CI 95% 1.40–9.11); and E. saphenum, 4.85 (CI 95% 1.99–11.7) were significantly associated only with stages III/IV periodontitis. P. gingivalis evidenced significant differences with the increase in the severity of the periodontal lesion: 2.97 colony forming unit (CFU)/μL (CI 95% 2.32–3.54) health/gingivitis, and 4.66 CFU/μL (CI 95% 4.03–5.30) and 5.90 CFU/μL (CI 95% 5.20–6.48) in stages I/II and III/IV respectively (p < 0.0001). Unculturable microorganisms only evidenced differences in concentration in stages III/IV compared with health-gingivitis (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion Culturable and unculturable are strongly associated with stages III/IV periodontitis. Classic culturable microorganisms are more sensitive to differentiate between stages of periodontitis in the quantitative analysis. Clinical relevance Future interventional studies of periodontal disease should include Filifactor alocis, Eubacterium saphenum, Eubacterium brachy, and Desulfobulbus oralis as possible markers of therapy response and as indicators of progressive disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Differential analysis of culturable and unculturable subgingival target microorganisms according to the stages of periodontitis

et al. 2023

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“…When comparing periodontitis versus periodontal health/gingivitis samples, irrespective of the stage or grade and the country, microorganisms that were difficult to culture or unculturable were highly associated with periodontitis. The results are consistent with similar association studies using NGS in populations from North America [14,[36][37][38], Latin-American [39,40], Europe [13,41], and Asia [15,42,43].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…gingivalis was only associated with stage III-IV periodontitis in samples from Colombia, whereas T. forsythia was associated with stage III-IV periodontitis in samples from Spain. Other NGS results did not show an association between P. gingivalis and periodontitis lesions [14,31,41,43]. Although the participants from Spain were slightly more likely to be smokers, no differences were found between smokers and non-smokers in terms of the microbiome.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 71%

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Differences in the subgingival microbiome according to stage of periodontitis: A comparison of two geographic regions

et al. 2022

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No microbiological criteria were included in the 2018 EFP-AAP classification of periodontal diseases that could be used to differentiate between stages and grades. Furthermore, differences in the subgingival microbiome depending on stage and grade have not been established. Sixty subgingival biofilm samples were collected in Spain (n = 30) and Colombia (n = 30) from three distinct patient categories: those with periodontal health/gingivitis (n = 20), those with stage I-II periodontitis (n = 20), and those with stage III-IV periodontitis (n = 20). Patients were evaluated by 16S rRNA gene amplification sequencing. Amplicon sequence variants were used to assign taxonomic categories compared to the Human Oral Microbiome Database (threshold ≥97% identity). Alpha diversity was established by Shannon and Simpson indices, and principal coordinate analysis, ANOSIM, and PERMANOVA of the UNIFRAC distances were performed using QIIME2. Although differences in the alpha diversity were observed between samples according to country, Filifactor alocis, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-4] bacterium HMT 369, Fretibacterium fastidiosum, Lachnospiraceae [G-8] bacterium HMT 500, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-5] [Eubacterium] saphenum, Peptostreptococcus stomatis, and Tannerella forsythia were associated with periodontitis sites in all stages. However, only F. alocis, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-4] bacterium HMT 369, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-9] [Eubacterium] brachy, Peptostreptococcaceae [XI][G-5] [Eubacterium] saphenum, and Desulfobulbus sp. HMT 041 were consistent in stage III-IV periodontitis in both countries. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia were differentially expressed in severe lesions in the countries studied. Although some non-cultivable microorganisms showed differential patterns between the different stages of periodontitis, they were not the same in the two countries evaluated. Further studies using larger samples with advanced next-generation techniques for high-throughput sequencing of phyla and non-cultivable bacteria within the subgingival microbiome could provide more insight into the differences between stages of periodontitis.

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“…Signal transduction pathways that regulate the host-pathogen interactions play important roles in the pathogenesis of bacterial infection [ 37 ]. Decreased metabolic pathways related to lipid metabolism, glycan biosynthesis, and metabolism and amino acid metabolism have been previously reported to be associated with microbiome shift and energy consumption [ 38 ]. All of the above results suggested a more active bacterial infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exome and Sputum Microbiota as Predictive Markers of Frequent Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Qiao

Luo

et al. 2022

Biomolecules

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Frequent acute exacerbations are the leading cause of high rates of hospitalization and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite the enormous worldwide medical burden, reliable molecular markers for effective early diagnosis and prognosis of acute exacerbations are still lacking. Both the host genetics and airway microbiome are known to play potential roles in the pathogenesis of frequent exacerbations. Here, we performed whole exome sequencing (WES) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to explore the interaction between these two factors and their implications in the pathogenesis of frequent exacerbations. We collected peripheral blood (n = 82), sputum samples (n = 59) and clinical data from 50 frequent-exacerbation phenotype (FE) COPD patients and 32 infrequent-exacerbation phenotype (IE) as controls. Based on filtering the deleterious sites, candidate mutated genes shared only in FE patients and did not occur in the IE group were identified. Microbiota analysis revealed significant differences in bacterial diversity and composition between FE and IE groups. We report the underlying pathogenic gene including, AATF, HTT, CEP350, ADAMTS9, TLL2 genes, etc., and explore their possible genotypic-phenotypic correlations with microbiota dysbiosis. Importantly, we observed that AATF gene mutations were significantly negatively correlated with microbial richness and diversity. Our study indicated several deleterious mutations in candidate genes that might be associated with microbial dysbiosis and the increased risk of frequent acute exacerbations in COPD patients. These results provide novel evidence that exomes and related microbiomes may potentially serve as biomarkers for predicting frequent acute exacerbations in COPD patients.

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Taxonomic and Gene Category Analyses of Subgingival Plaques from a Group of Japanese Individuals with and without Periodontitis

Cited by 5 publications

References 64 publications

Differential analysis of culturable and unculturable subgingival target microorganisms according to the stages of periodontitis

Differential analysis of culturable and unculturable subgingival target microorganisms according to the stages of periodontitis

Differences in the subgingival microbiome according to stage of periodontitis: A comparison of two geographic regions

Exome and Sputum Microbiota as Predictive Markers of Frequent Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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