Taxonomic identity of a Phakopsora fungus causing the grapevine leaf rust disease in Southeast Asia and Australasia

There is increasing difficulty in identifying new plant leaf diseases as a result of environmental change. There is a need to identify the factors influencing the emergence and the increasing incidences of these diseases. Here, we present emerging fungal plant leaf diseases and describe their environmental speciation. We considered the factors controlling for local adaptation associated with environmental speciation. We determined that the advent of emergent fungal leaf diseases is closely connected to environmental speciation. Fungal pathogens targeting the leaves may adversely affect the entire plant body. To mitigate the injury caused by these pathogens, it is necessary to be able to detect and identify them early in the infection process. In this way, their distribution, virulence, incidence, and severity could be attenuated.

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“…[61] 2014 Australasia and Southeast Asia Grapevine P. montana Leaf rust Angular brown spots on the topside of the leaf. [62] 2015 USA…”

Section: Erwinia Amylovoramentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of plant leaf fungal diseases and its environment speciation

et al. 2019

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“…Because these specimens were also not available for study, their taxonomic identity was not determined. Unless the presence of teliospores is confirmed, the Southeast Asian Phakopsora species on V. vinifera (Pota et al 2015) is easily mistaken as K. vitis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kuehneola species (Phragmidiaceae, Pucciniales) on Vitaceae plants

Ono

2015

Mycol Progress

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The type specimen of Uredo cissi-debilis on Cissus debilis from Côte d'Ivoire was found to bear aparaphysate telia, in which a chain of two to four teliospores was formed on a short pedicel. The teliospores were thin-walled and germinated in situ. Another fungus identified as U. cissi-debilis on Cayratia gracilis from Sierra Leone was also found to form teliospores similar to those of the Cissus rust fungus in paraphysate telia. The teliospore morphology and host relationships showed their taxonomic affinity to Kuehneola vitis on Ampelocissus latifolia distributed in South Asia. It was concluded that presence or absence of paraphyses in sori and spore morphology, in addition to the assumed host preference, distinguish between the three fungi. New names, K. cissidebilis comb. nov. and K. deightonii sp. nov., were proposed for the Cissus fungus and the Cayratia fungus, respectively.

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“…Based on host range and morphology, Phakopsora montana was distinguished from the new species P. euvitis , the causal agent of Asian grapevine leaf rust. A proposed synanamorph of P. euvitis is P. meliosmae‐myrianthae (Chatasiri & Ono, ; Pota et al ., ). The heteroecious and macrocyclic P. euvitis produces its uredinial‐telial stage on Vitis species and forms spermogonia and aecidia on the tree Meliosma myriantha , belonging to the family Sabiaceae.…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirmed the taxonomic distinctness of Phakopsora ampelopsidis , Phakopsora vitis and P. euvitis and placed P. euvitis closer to P. ampelopsidis than to P. vitis (Chatasiri & Ono, ). Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses of grapevine leaf rust fungi from Asia and Australia suggested that there might be another biologically distinct species besides P. euvitis and P. montana (Pota et al ., ).…”

Section: Taxonomymentioning

confidence: 97%

Asian grapevine leaf rust caused by Phakopsora euvitis: an important disease in Brazil

Primiano¹,

Loehrer

Amorim³

et al. 2017

Plant Pathology

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Anthropogenic influences such as tourism and climate change affect ecosystems. One consequence is that invasive species can spread to and colonize novel areas. A recent example of this scenario is the appearance, in the early 2000s in Brazil and Australia, of the plant pathogenic fungus Phakopsora euvitis, which causes Asian grapevine leaf rust. It is speculated that the disease was introduced either by long distance transport of spores in the atmosphere or the import of contaminated plant material. While the disease could be eradicated from the Australian continent it is still present in Brazil. The pathogen has spread successfully throughout most Brazilian grapevine-growing regions, most probably because of the lack of resistant plant cultivars. Today, the disease is endemic in Brazil. This review was written to highlight the increasing impact of the disease in Brazil and summarizes the current knowledge on the disease monocycle under different environmental conditions and the consequences for grapevine management. Gaps in the present state of knowledge are highlighted with the purpose of stimulating further research aimed at identifying efficient strategies to combat the disease.

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Taxonomic identity of a Phakopsora fungus causing the grapevine leaf rust disease in Southeast Asia and Australasia

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

A review of plant leaf fungal diseases and its environment speciation

A review of plant leaf fungal diseases and its environment speciation

Kuehneola species (Phragmidiaceae, Pucciniales) on Vitaceae plants

Asian grapevine leaf rust caused by Phakopsora euvitis: an important disease in Brazil

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