Taxonomic summary of Conopsis, Günther, 1858 (Serpentes: Colubridae)

Goyenechea, Irene; Flores‐Villela, Oscar

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1271.1.1

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“… 52 , sequences in Supplementary Data 6 ) for 60 tissue samples representing 21 species ( Supplementary Data 5 ) for a total of 6,375 bp. Sequences for 11 additional species were taken from GenBank (for cytb and c-mos ) or published sources (for ND4 (refs 53 , 54 )). Forty-two of the tissue samples were population-level sampling within the Sonora semiannulata (Western Ground Snake) species complex, targeting populations for which we already had phenotypic data on colour pattern from the sampling of 1,760 snakes (collection details and individual population sample sizes given in ref.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral snakes predict the evolution of mimicry across New World snakes

et al. 2016

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Batesian mimicry, in which harmless species (mimics) deter predators by deceitfully imitating the warning signals of noxious species (models), generates striking cases of phenotypic convergence that are classic examples of evolution by natural selection. However, mimicry of venomous coral snakes has remained controversial because of unresolved conflict between the predictions of mimicry theory and empirical patterns in the distribution and abundance of snakes. Here we integrate distributional, phenotypic and phylogenetic data across all New World snake species to demonstrate that shifts to mimetic coloration in nonvenomous snakes are highly correlated with coral snakes in both space and time, providing overwhelming support for Batesian mimicry. We also find that bidirectional transitions between mimetic and cryptic coloration are unexpectedly frequent over both long- and short-time scales, challenging traditional views of mimicry as a stable evolutionary ‘end point' and suggesting that insect and snake mimicry may have different evolutionary dynamics.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral snakes predict the evolution of mimicry across New World snakes

et al. 2016

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“…Our Furthermore, C. biserialis and C. lineata were found at higher elevations, which implies that as climate change advances, both species will be more limited in their ability to shift their distribution upward (Goyenechea and Flores-Villela, 2006;Rugiero et al 2013). In addition, both species will be more exposed to anthropogenic activity (Castaneda-Gonzalez et al 2011) as our results consider the 10th percentile training presence where almost 50% or a little more of the potential distribution of the three species is in agricultural areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Despite that the three species coexist in areas like the TMVB and the provinces of Altiplano Sur (Goyenechea and Flores-Villela 2006), there seems to be a certain degree of interspeci c competition among the three Conopsis species and especially with C. lineata. The lower niche overlap between C. biserialis and C. nasus suggests the displacement between the two species throughout its range without reaching exclusion, as both species have been found in the same study site(Goyenechea and Flores-Villela 2006). species can remain during global climate changes by undertaking comparatively short elevational adjustments instead of long latitudinal ows…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The species of this genus are suffering reductions in their distributions and populations due to the loss and fragmentation of their habitat (Flores-Villela and Gerez 1994). They have small ranges, highly limited dispersal abilities and speci c habitat requirements (Goyenechea and Flores-Villela 2006), which make them particularly susceptible to climate and landscape changes. In fact, earthsnakes are not able to travel great distances in open areas, especially across modi ed substrates, thus inhibiting their ability to burrow (How and Shine 1999;Castañeda-González et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the effects of climate and land-cover changes on the potential distribution of three Earthsnakes (Genus Conopsis, Günther, 1858) in a highly anthropized area of Mexico

Sunny

Manjarrez

Caballero‐Viñas

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Anthropogenic changes, such as land use and climate change, are the greatest threats to biodiversity, especially for reptiles, the second most endangered vertebrate class worldwide. Species distribution modelling was applied to assess how expected scenarios of future climate and land cover change might influence the geographic distribution and habitat connectivity of three Conopsis earthsnakes endemic to Mexico: Conopsis biserialis (Taylor and Smith, 1942), Conopsis lineata (Kennicott, 1859), and Conopsis nasus (Günther, 1858). In order to do this, two climate models were used, CNRM-CM5 (CN) and MPI-ESM-LR (MP), with the Representative Concentration Pathways of RCP 85 and the Maxent modelling method in ENMeval. The most important environmental variables affecting the distribution of the target species, as well as the environmental niche overlap between them, were also determined. C. biserialis, C. lineata, and C. nasus were found to be restricted by maximum and minimum temperatures as they are adapted to high elevations and temperate semi-cold climates; therefore, climate was a main determining factor for species distribution. As expected, all Conopsis species were predicted to face a reduction in their potential distribution with C. lineata possibly losing approximately 48.5% and C. biserialis losing 28.7%. However, the models were inconsistent in determining which species would suffer the biggest reduction in distribution in the future. Likewise, a reduction in connectivity was found for the three species of Conopsis, while the Sierra de las Cruces and Corredor Biológico Chichinautzin were determined as very important areas in terms of connectivity. Unfortunately, great losses of Abies and Pinus forests occurred in these areas between 2011 and 2014, along with an increase in the agricultural activity that compromises the populations of these species when intensively managed. Most of the potential distribution of these species are found in close proximity to agriculture and outside of protected areas, which is why it is extremely important to create protected areas for reptile species that live in these parts of central Mexico.

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“…All layers were processed in a raster format, with a 1 km resolution, using the packages raster (Hijmans 2016) and rgdal (Bivand et al 2017) for R software (version 4.00; R. Development Core Team 2019). After a bibliographic review and Pearson's correlation analysis carried out with ENMTools (Warren et al 2010) and usdm (Naimi 2017) packages for R software to discard highly correlated variables (r 2 > 0.7, Dormann et al 2013), the following variables that were considered important for the presence of reptiles and Conopsis species were selected (Goyenechea and Flores-Villela 2006;): grasslands percentage, arid vegetation percentage, Pinus forest percentage, Quercus forest percentage, Abies forest percentage, agriculture percentage, cloud forest percentage, maximum temperature of the warmest month (BIO5), minimum temperature of the coldest month (BIO6), precipitation of the wettest month (BIO13), and precipitation of the driest month (BIO14). The distance to urban settlements was not included as a variable in the models because this can generate a bias, as these areas are more easily accessed by observers (Araujo and Guisan 2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the effects of climate and land-cover changes on the potential distribution and landscape connectivity of three Earthsnakes (Genus Conopsis, Günther, 1858) in central Mexico.

Sunny

Manjarrez

Caballero‐Viñas

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anthropogenic changes, such as land use and climate change, are the greatest threats to biodiversity, especially for reptiles, the second most endangered vertebrate class worldwide. Species distribution modelling was applied to assess how expected scenarios of future climate and land cover change might influence the geographic distribution and habitat connectivity of three Conopsisearthsnakes endemic to Mexico: Conopsis biserialis (Taylor and Smith, 1942),Conopsis lineata (Kennicott, 1859), and Conopsis nasus (Günther, 1858). In order to do this, two climate models were used, CNRM-CM5 (CN) and MPI-ESM-LR (MP), with the Representative Concentration Pathways of RCP 85 and the Maxent modelling method in ENMeval. The most important environmental variables affecting the distribution of the target species, as well as the environmental niche overlap between them, were also determined. C. biserialis, C. lineata, and C. nasus were found to be restricted by maximum and minimum temperatures as they are adapted to high elevations and temperate semi-cold climates; therefore, climate was a main determining factor for species distribution. As expected, all Conopsis species were predicted to face a reduction in their potential distribution with C. lineata possibly losing approximately 48.5% and C. biserialislosing 28.7%. However, the models were inconsistent in determining which species would suffer the biggest reduction in distribution in the future. Likewise, a reduction in connectivity was found for the three species of Conopsis, while the Sierra de las Cruces and Corredor Biológico Chichinautzin were determined as very important areas in terms of connectivity. Unfortunately, great losses of Abies and Pinus forests occurred in these areas between 2011 and 2014, along with an increase in the agricultural activity that compromises the populations of these species when intensively managed. Most of the potential distribution of these species are found in close proximity to agriculture and outside of protected areas, which is why it is extremely important to create protected areas for reptile species that live in these parts of central Mexico.

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Taxonomic summary of Conopsis, Günther, 1858 (Serpentes: Colubridae)

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Coral snakes predict the evolution of mimicry across New World snakes

Coral snakes predict the evolution of mimicry across New World snakes

Modelling the effects of climate and land-cover changes on the potential distribution of three Earthsnakes (Genus Conopsis, Günther, 1858) in a highly anthropized area of Mexico

Modelling the effects of climate and land-cover changes on the potential distribution and landscape connectivity of three Earthsnakes (Genus Conopsis, Günther, 1858) in central Mexico.

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