Taxonomy

Galvão, Cléber

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-64548-9_2

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a life-threatening vector-borne zoonosis caused by Trypanosoma cruzi , a protozoan parasite endemic to various regions of the tropical and subtropical Americas [ 1 ]. Transmission occurs when infected hematophagous triatomine insects (Reduviidae, subfamily Triatominae [ 2 , 3 ]) defecate during bloodmeal, releasing metacyclic parasite stages into the bite wound or intact mucosal membranes. Apart from this active (stercorarian) mode of transmission, human infection can result congenitally (mother to fetus), via blood transfusion from an infected donor, or upon ingestion of food (often fruit juices) contaminated with triatomines or their feces [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector mapping and bloodmeal metabarcoding demonstrate risk of urban Chagas disease transmission in Caracas, Venezuela

et al. 2023

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Chagas disease is a significant public health risk in rural and semi-rural areas of Venezuela. Triatomine infection by the aetiological agent Trypanosoma cruzi is also observed in the Metropolitan District of Caracas (MDC), where foodborne T. cruzi outbreaks occasionally occur but active vector-to-human transmission (infection during triatomine bloodmeal) is considered absent. Citizen science-based domiciliary triatomine collection carried out between 2007 and 2013 in the MDC has advanced understanding of urban T. cruzi prevalence patterns and represents an important public awareness-building tool. The present study reports on the extension of this triatomine collection program from 2014 to 2019 and uses mitochondrial metabarcoding to assess feeding behavior in a subset of specimens. The combined, thirteen-year dataset (n = 4872) shows a high rate of T. cruzi infection (75.2%) and a predominance of Panstrongylus geniculatus (99.01%) among triatomines collected in domiciliary areas by MDC inhabitants. Collection also involved nymphal stages of P. geniculatus in 18 of 32 MDC parishes. Other collected species included Triatoma nigromaculata, Triatoma maculata, Rhodnius prolixus, and Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus. Liquid intestinal content indicative of bloodmeal was observed in 53.4% of analyzed specimens. Dissection pools representing 108 such visually blooded P. geniculatus specimens predominantly tested positive for human cytochrome b DNA (22 of 24 pools). Additional bloodmeal sources detected via metabarcoding analysis included key sylvatic T. cruzi reservoirs (opossum and armadillo), rodents, and various other synanthropic and domesticated animals. Results suggest a porous sylvatic-domiciliary transmission interface and ongoing adaptation of P. geniculatus to the urban ecotope. Although P. geniculatus defecation traits greatly limit the possibility of active T. cruzi transmission for any individual biting event, the cumulation of this low risk across a vast metropolitan population warrants further investigation. Efforts to prevent triatomine contact with human food sources also clearly require greater attention to protect Venezuela’s capital from Chagas disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vector mapping and bloodmeal metabarcoding demonstrate risk of urban Chagas disease transmission in Caracas, Venezuela

et al. 2023

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“…The Triatominae are classified as a subfamily of Reduviidae ( Hemiptera , Heteroptera ), defined by their blood-sucking habit and morphological adaptations associated with host-finding and blood-feeding ( Schofield and Galvão 2009 ). Currently, there are 154 extant and three fossil species distributed in 18 genera and five tribes in Triatominae ( Dale et al 2021 ; Galvão 2021 ). All of them are considered as potential vectors of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909), the causative agent of Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis, which still is a serious health problem to most Latin American countries ( Arias et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of them are considered as potential vectors of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909), the causative agent of Chagas disease or American trypanosomiasis, which still is a serious health problem to most Latin American countries ( Arias et al 2021 ). Among the five tribes included in Triatominae , the tribe Triatomini has ten genera ( Galvão 2021 ), among which Panstrongylus Berg, 1879 has several species involved in the transmission of T. cruzi in Central and South America ( Patterson et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Lent and Pifano (1940) strongly defended the synonym of Mestor under Panstrongylus as proposed by Pinto (1931) , which was accepted by subsequent authors so far, with the exception of Usinger (1944) , who still considered the validity of both genera. The main novelties involving species of Panstrongylus , after the classical taxonomical treatment of the group by Lent and Wygodzinsky (1979) , were recently summarized by Monteiro et al (2018) , Costa et al (2021) , Galvão (2021) , and Paiva et al (2022) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Panstrongylus noireaui, a remarkable new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia

Gil-Santana¹,

Chávez²,

Pita³

et al. 2022

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Panstrongylus noireauisp. nov. from Bolivia is described based on male and female specimens. Although morphologically almost indistinguishable from Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (Champion, 1899), the new species shows remarkable chromosome and molecular features, which are very distinctive among all others Panstrongylus species. The new species is also separated by some characteristics of the processes of the endosoma of the male genitalia. An updated key for species of Panstrongylus is provided.

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“…Triatomines are the biggest blood-sucking insects and are predominantly found between the Great Lakes of North America and Argentina (Lent and Wygodzinsky 1979 ). The majority of the approximately 150 species lives in the wild, as does the biggest species, Dipetalogaster maxima (Uhler 1894) (Lent and Wygodzinsky 1979 ; Galvão 2021 ). Other species live peridomestically and feed on domestic animals, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Natural infections” with Trypanosoma cruzi via the skin of mice: size of mouthparts of vectors and numbers of invading parasites

Waldeck

Schaub

2022

Parasitol Res

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Investigating parameters influencing natural infections with Trypanosoma cruzi via the skin, the diameters of mouthparts of different stages of triatomines vectors were measured to determine the size of the channel accessible for T. cruzi during cutaneous infection. The mean diameters of the skin-penetrating mandibles of first to fifth instar nymphs of the vector Triatoma infestans increased from 18 to 65 µm. The mean diameter in fourth instar nymphs of Dipetalogaster maxima was 86 µm. Different numbers of isolated vector-derived metacyclic trypomastigotes (10–10,000) were injected intradermally into mice. Prepatent periods, parasitemia and mortality rates were compared with those of mice obtaining 10,000 metacyclic trypomastigotes that are usually present in the first drop of faeces onto the feeding wounds of fifth and fourth instar nymphs of T. infestans and D. maxima, respectively. After injection of 50–10,000 T. cruzi, in all 42 mice the infection developed. An injection of 10 parasites induced an infection in 8 out of 15 mice. With increasing doses of parasites, prepatent periods tended to decrease. The level of parasitemia was higher after injection of the lowest dose. Except for one mouse all infected mice died. After placement of 10,000 metacyclic trypomastigotes onto the feeding wound of fifth or fourth instar nymphs of T. infestans and D. maxima, respectively, the infection rates of the groups, prepatent periods and the levels of parasitemia of T. cruzi in mice indicated that about 10–1,000 metacyclic trypomastigotes entered the skin via this route. For the first time, the present data emphasise the risk of an infection by infectious excreta of triatomines deposited near the feeding wound and the low number of invading parasites.

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Taxonomy

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Vector mapping and bloodmeal metabarcoding demonstrate risk of urban Chagas disease transmission in Caracas, Venezuela

Vector mapping and bloodmeal metabarcoding demonstrate risk of urban Chagas disease transmission in Caracas, Venezuela

Panstrongylus noireaui, a remarkable new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia

“Natural infections” with Trypanosoma cruzi via the skin of mice: size of mouthparts of vectors and numbers of invading parasites

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Taxonomy

Cited by 15 publications

References 98 publications

Vector mapping and bloodmeal metabarcoding demonstrate risk of urban Chagas disease transmission in Caracas, Venezuela

Vector mapping and bloodmeal metabarcoding demonstrate risk of urban Chagas disease transmission in Caracas, Venezuela

﻿Panstrongylus noireaui, a remarkable new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia

“Natural infections” with Trypanosoma cruzi via the skin of mice: size of mouthparts of vectors and numbers of invading parasites

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Panstrongylus noireaui, a remarkable new species of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) from Bolivia