Taxonomy and phylogeny of<i>Lineus torquatus</i>and allies (Nemertea, Lineidae) with descriptions of a new genus and a new cryptic species

Chernyshev, A. V.; Polyakova, N. E.; Turanov, Sergei V.; Kajihara, Hiroshi

doi:10.1080/14772000.2017.1317672

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…When topology constraints were enforced (see Methods), the resulting inferences differed only in the enforced bipartitions, but the internal topology of the remaining clades did not differ from the unconstrained trees. Our results are similar overall to those of previous studies [29][30][31]55,56], and are further described in the electronic supplementary material.…”

Section: Sequencing and Phylogenetic Framework Inferencesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Absence of sequence information precluded us from including this species in our analysis. Because the genus Lineus is large, non-monophyletic [55] and includes both anteriorly regenerating and non-anteriorly regenerating species, determining whether or not L. pictifrons represents yet another origin of anterior regeneration must await further studies that can place this species within the nemertean phylogeny. As for P. graecense, this species is also reported by Kipke to regenerate a complete head [54], although only if the amputation plane is immediately behind the brain.…”

Section: Head Regeneration Ability Evolved Independently At Least Foumentioning

confidence: 99%

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A phylum-wide survey reveals multiple independent gains of head regeneration ability in Nemertea

Zattara

Fernández-Álvarez

Hiebert

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Animals vary widely in their ability to regenerate, suggesting that regenerative abilities have a rich evolutionary history. However, our understanding of this history remains limited because regeneration ability has only been evaluated in a tiny fraction of species. Available comparative regeneration studies have identified losses of regenerative ability, yet clear documentation of gains is lacking. We surveyed regenerative ability in 34 species spanning the phylum Nemertea, assessing the ability to regenerate heads and tails either through our own experiments or from literature reports. Our sampling included representatives of the 10 most diverse families and all three orders comprising this phylum. We generated a phylogenetic framework using sequence data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of head and tail regeneration ability across the phylum and found that while all evaluated species can remake a posterior end, surprisingly few could regenerate a complete head. Our analysis reconstructs a nemertean ancestor unable to regenerate a head and indicates at least four separate lineages have independently gained head regeneration ability, one such gains reconstructed as taking place within the last 10-15 mya. Our study highlights nemerteans as a valuable group for studying evolution of regeneration and identifying mechanisms associated with repeated gains of regenerative ability.

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Section: Sequencing and Phylogenetic Framework Inferencesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Head Regeneration Ability Evolved Independently At Least Foumentioning

confidence: 99%

A phylum-wide survey reveals multiple independent gains of head regeneration ability in Nemertea

Zattara

Fernández-Álvarez

Hiebert

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…cf. rufifrons could provide an example for cryptic speciation as has already been described for several other nemertean taxa (Chen et al., ; Chernyshev et al., ; Krämer et al., ; Leasi & Norenburg, ; Mendes et al., ; Strand & Sundberg, ; Sundberg, Thuroczy Vodoti, et al., ). Herein, all species delimitation methods congruently separate the specimens into two entities and the COI gene sequences differ by approximately 7% (uncorrected p‐distances).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…In the case of C. rufifrons , the inclusion of complementary biological data lends additional evidence to the fact that the COI sequence alone might not be suitable to exhaustively resolve the biodiversity in Cephalotrichidae. Additional genetic markers, such as the internal transcribed spacer region ( ITS ) or the 18S rRNA, should be included in the analysis (Andrade et al., ; Bucklin et al., ; Chernyshev et al., ; Krämer et al., ; Kvist, Laumer, Junoy, & Giribet, ). Moreover, data from other sources, for example, ecology and morphology, should be assessed for congruence with the results obtained by molecular genetic species delimitation based on the so‐called barcoding sequence to help clarify whether the different lineages identified are the result of cryptic speciation or of extensive variation of the COI gene (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a DNA-based approach is deemed pivotal to detect unrecognized nemertean species (Chernyshev, Polyakova, Turanov, & Kajihara, 2018;Krämer et al, 2017;Mendes, Norenburg, Solferini, & Andrade, 2018;Strand & Sundberg, 2005;Sundberg, Thuroczy Vodoti, Zhou, & Strand, 2009) the number of which is assumed to be relatively high (Appeltans et al, 2012;Sundberg, Kvist, et al, 2016). Molecular genetic methods, like tree-based, non-tree-based, and phylogenetic analyses have been successfully applied to delimit species and discover cryptic species in different nemertean genera (Chen et al, 2010;Chernyshev et al, 2018;Fernández-Álvarez & Machordom, 2013;Kang et al, 2015;Krämer et al, 2017;Leasi & Norenburg, 2014;Mendes et al, 2018;Strand & Sundberg, 2005;Sundberg, Thuroczy Vodoti, et al, 2009;Sundberg, Kvist, et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessing the diversity and distribution ofCephalothrixspecies (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea) in European waters by comparing different species delimitation methods

Sagorny

Wesseler

Krämer

et al. 2019

J Zool Syst Evol Res

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Soft‐bodied marine taxa, like ribbon worms (Nemertea), often lack clear diagnostic morphological characters impeding traditional species delimitation. Therefore, recent studies concentrated on molecular genetic methods to solve taxonomic issues. Different delimitation methods were employed to explore species boundaries and the presence of cryptic species. However, the performance of the different delimitation methods needs to be tested. A particularly promising nemertean genus in this regard is the palaeonemertean genus Cephalothrix that is commonly found in European waters. In order to gain information on the number and distribution of European cephalotrichids and to test different tree‐based and non‐tree‐based delimitation methods, we analyzed a dataset comprising the barcoding region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) of 215 European Cephalothrix specimens, of which 78 were collected for this study. Our results show the presence of 12–13 European lineages of which several can be assigned to known European species. Analyzing a second dataset comprising 74 additional sequences from the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans helped identify some of the unassigned European specimens. One resulting clade seems to represent a non‐native introduced Cephalothrix species, while another has never been recorded from Europe before. In our analysis, especially the tree‐based methods and the phylogenetic analysis proved to be a useful tool when delimiting species. It remains unclear whether the different identified clades result from cryptic speciation or from a high genetic variability of the COI gene.

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Microscopic anatomy of the integument in the ribbon worm Micrura bella (Stimpson, 1857) (Pilidiophora, Nemertea)

Pereverzeva

Chеrnyshev

Magarlamov

2022

Journal of Morphology

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The integument of ribbon worms in the order Heteronemertea is distinct from the integuments in the other taxa of nemerteans due to the presence of a special subepidermal glandular layer, the cutis. Among heteronemerteans, the ultrastructure of the cutis has been studied only in the Lineus ruber species complex. In the current study, ultrastructural (transmission electron microscopy) and histochemical studies of the epidermis and the cutis of Micrura bella from the basal Lineage A of the family Lineidae were performed. The epidermis consisted of ciliated and serous gland cells and is separated from the cutis by a layer of the subepidermal extracellular matrix; the basal lamina was not detected. The cutis comprised musculature, two types of mucous and four types of granular gland cells, and pigment cells with four types of granules. In the cutis of juvenile worms, type II granular gland cells and type II mucous cells were not observed. The integument of the caudal cirrus consisted of ciliated and serous gland cells and two intraepidermal lateral nerve cords; the cutis was absent. The compositions of the integument glands of M. bella and the L. ruber species complex are similar, except for the presence of type IV granular gland cells with narrow rod‐shaped and lamellated granules exhibiting an alternating dark and light transverse layers and type II mucous cells found only in M. bella.

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Taxonomy and phylogeny ofLineus torquatusand allies (Nemertea, Lineidae) with descriptions of a new genus and a new cryptic species

Cited by 22 publications

References 47 publications

A phylum-wide survey reveals multiple independent gains of head regeneration ability in Nemertea

A phylum-wide survey reveals multiple independent gains of head regeneration ability in Nemertea

Assessing the diversity and distribution ofCephalothrixspecies (Nemertea: Palaeonemertea) in European waters by comparing different species delimitation methods

Microscopic anatomy of the integument in the ribbon worm Micrura bella (Stimpson, 1857) (Pilidiophora, Nemertea)

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