Taxonomy and species diversity of <i>Ganoderma</i> species in the Garden Route National Park of South Africa inferred from morphology and multilocus phylogenies

Tchoumi, James Michel Tchotet; Coetzee, Martin Petrus Albertus; Rajchenberg, Mario; Roux, Jolanda

doi:10.1080/00275514.2019.1635387

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, it contributed to establishing robust relationships amongst the majority of them, while it also revealed limitations in the use of ITS (alone) to assess certain taxa which have to be addressed through a multigene approach. However, it is interesting that the outcome of recent publications employing more than one marker (by focusing on particular groups in the genus, for example, Loyd et al 2018;Cabarroi-Hernández et al 2019;Tchotet Tchoumi et al 2019) is congruent with the phylogeny obtained from the present meta-analysis. Furthermore, the results of this work demonstrated that even recent sequence deposits in public databases are associated with a remarkably high number of misidentifications or errors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…& Jol. Roux (four entries from South Africa, including the type; Tchotet Tchoumi et al 2019), which were adequately supported (71%, 0.97; Fig. 7).…”

Section: Clade E -Cluster E3mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The other terminal clade (92%, 1.00; Fig. 7) represents the recently-introduced G. eickeri consisting of four entries, including the type material, which originate from South Africa on angiosperms (Tchotet Tchoumi et al 2019). However, on the basis of the ITS data evaluated in this study, G. eickeri appears closely related to G. gibbosum (interspecific sequence similarity and genetic distance values: 98.90 ± 0.25% and 0.011 ± 0.003, respectively).…”

Section: Clade E -Cluster E2mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the G. australe and G. gibbosum complexes or as regards species occurring in the Neotropics), thus complicating attempts at resolving their dubious status and relationships. Recent multigene approaches (Zhou et al 2015;Loyd et al 2018;Cabarroi-Hernández et al 2019;Tchotet Tchoumi et al 2019) provided valuable data towards resolving phylogenetic patterns in Ganoderma and mitigated limitations of previous methodologies based mainly (or entirely) on morphological criteria and on the use of single-genetic marker approaches. However, such studies are still confined to a rather low number of species and/or specific geographic regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A global meta-analysis of ITS rDNA sequences from material belonging to the genus Ganoderma (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) including new data from selected taxa

Fryssouli¹,

Zervakis²,

Polemis³

et al. 2020

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Ganoderma P. Karst. is a cosmopolitan genus of white-rot fungi which comprises species with highly-prized pharmaceutical properties, valuable biotechnological applications and of significant phytopathological interest. However, the status of the taxonomy within the genus is still highly controversial and ambiguous despite the progress made through molecular approaches. A metadata analysis of 3908 nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA sequences obtained from GenBank/ENA/DDBJ and UNITE was performed by targeting sequences annotated as Ganoderma, but also sequences from environmental samples and from material examined for the first time. Ganoderma taxa segregated into five main lineages (Clades A to E). Clade A corresponds to the core of laccate species and includes G. shanxiense and three major well-supported clusters: Cluster A.1 (‘G. lucidum sensu lato’) consists of taxa from Eurasia and North America, Cluster A.2 of material with worldwide occurrence including G. resinaceum and Cluster A.3 is composed of species originating from all continents except Europe and comprises G. lingzhi. Clade B includes G. applanatum and allied species with a Holarctic distribution. Clade C comprises taxa from Asia and Africa only. Clade D consists of laccate taxa with tropical/subtropical occurrence, while clade E harbours the highest number of non-laccate species with a cosmopolitan distribution. The 92 Ganoderma-associated names, initially used for sequences labelling, correspond to at least 80 taxa. Amongst them, 21 constitute putatively new phylospecies after our application of criteria relevant to the robustness/support of the terminal clades, intra- and interspecific genetic divergence and available biogeographic data. Moreover, several other groups or individual sequences seem to represent distinct taxonomic entities and merit further investigation. A particularly large number of the public sequences was revealed to be insufficiently and/or incorrectly identified, for example, 87% and 78% of entries labelled as G. australe and G. lucidum, respectively. In general, ITS demonstrated high efficacy in resolving relationships amongst most of the Ganoderma taxa; however, it was not equally useful at elucidating species barriers across the entire genus and such cases are outlined. Furthermore, we draw conclusions on biogeography by evaluating species occurrence on a global scale in conjunction with phylogenetic structure/patterns. The sequence variability assessed in ITS spacers could be further exploited for diagnostic purposes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…& Jol. Roux (four entries from South Africa, including the type; Tchotet Tchoumi et al 2019), which were adequately supported (71%, 0.97; Fig. 7).…”

Section: Clade E -Cluster E3mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Clade E -Cluster E2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A global meta-analysis of ITS rDNA sequences from material belonging to the genus Ganoderma (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) including new data from selected taxa

Fryssouli¹,

Zervakis²,

Polemis³

et al. 2020

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show abstract

“…Initiatives such the IPSN, COST Action Global Warning (https://www.cost.eu/actions/FP1401/#tabs|Name:overview), and the European Union Horizon 2020 HOMED (Holistic Management of Emerging Forest Pests and Diseases) project (http:// homed-proje ct. eu/), are coordinating sentinel plant research globally. These projects serve to highlight the many first reports of pests from botanical gardens and arboreta (Jock et al 2000;Salisbury et al 2011;Paap et al 2018;Hulbert et al 2019;Tchotet Tchoumi et al 2019). In South Africa alone, 67 pest species (including fungi, oomycetes, insects and mites) were detected and identified from various botanical gardens over the past 23 years , 20 of which were first reports for the country (Wondafrash et al in prep).…”

Section: Botanical Gardens As Sentinel Sites For the Detection And Eradication Of Pest Incursionsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Botanical gardens as key resources and hazards for biosecurity

et al. 2021

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Biodiversity and economic losses resulting from invasive plant pests and pathogens are increasing globally. For these impacts and threats to be managed effectively, appropriate methods of surveillance, detection and identification are required. Botanical gardens provide a unique opportunity for biosecurity as they accommodate diverse collections of exotic and native plant species. These gardens are also often located close to high-risk sites of accidental invasions such as ports and urban areas. This, coupled with routine activities such as the movement of plants and plant material, and visits by millions of people each year, place botanical gardens at risk to the arrival and establishment of pests and pathogens. Consequently, botanical gardens can pose substantial biosecurity risks to the environment, by acting as bridgeheads for pest and pathogen invasions. Here we review the role of botanical gardens in biosecurity on a global scale. The role of botanical gardens has changed over time. Initially, they were established as physic gardens (gardens with medicinal plants), and their links with academic institutions led to their crucial role in the accumulation and dissemination of botanical knowledge. During the second half of the 20th century, botanical gardens developed a strong focus on plant conservation, and in recent years there has been a growing acknowledgement of their value in biosecurity research as sentinel sites to identify pest and pathogen risks (novel pest-host associations); for early detection and eradication of pests and pathogens; and for host range studies. We identify eight specific biosecurity hazards associated with botanical gardens and note potential management interventions and the opportunities these provide for improving biosecurity. We highlight the value of botanical gardens for biosecurity and plant health research in general, and the need for strategic thinking, resources, and capacity development to make them models for best practices in plant health.

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Ganoderma: Diversity, Ecological Significances, and Potential Applications in Industry and Allied Sectors

et al. 2021

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Taxonomy and species diversity of Ganoderma species in the Garden Route National Park of South Africa inferred from morphology and multilocus phylogenies

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

A global meta-analysis of ITS rDNA sequences from material belonging to the genus Ganoderma (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) including new data from selected taxa

A global meta-analysis of ITS rDNA sequences from material belonging to the genus Ganoderma (Basidiomycota, Polyporales) including new data from selected taxa

Botanical gardens as key resources and hazards for biosecurity

Ganoderma: Diversity, Ecological Significances, and Potential Applications in Industry and Allied Sectors

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