Taxonomy, identification and principal species.

Hunt, D. J.; Handoo, Zafar A.

doi:10.1079/9781845934927.0055

Cited by 234 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Traditionally, Meloidogyne species are identified based on morphology, morphometrics, isozyme phenotype, or differential host tests (Taylor and Sasser, 1978;Jepson, 1987;Esbenshade and Triantaphyllou, 1985, 1987Carneiro et al, 2000;Brito et al, 2004Brito et al, , 2008Brito et al, , 2010Handoo et al, 2004;Hunt and Handoo, 2009;Moens et al, 2009). However, morphological characters are variable under different environmental conditions and different hosts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Haplotype-based Identification of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Cut Foliage Crops in Florida

Baidoo

Joseph

Mengistu

et al. 2016

Journal of Nematology

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Florida accounts for more than 75% of the national cut foliage production. Unfortunately, root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) are a serious problem on these crops, rendering many farms unproductive. Currently, information on the Meloidogyne spp. occurring on most commonly cultivated cut foliage crops in Florida, and tools for their rapid identification are lacking. The objectives of this study were to (i) identify specific RKN infecting common ornamental cut foliage crops in Florida and (ii) evaluate the feasibility of using the mtDNA haplotype as a molecular diagnostic tool for rapid identification of large samples of RKN. A total of 200 Meloidogyne females were collected from cut foliage plant roots. Meloidogyne spp. were identified by PCR and RFLP of mitochondrial DNA. PCR and RFLP of mitochondrial DNA were effective in discriminating the Meloidogyne spp. present. Meloidogyne incognita is the most dominant RKN on cut foliage crops in Florida and must be a high target for making management decisions. Other Meloidogyne spp. identified include M. javanica, M. hapla, Meloidogyne sp. 1, and Meloidogyne sp. 2. The results for this study demonstrate the usefulness of the mtDNA haplotype-based designation as a valuable molecular tool for identification of Meloidogyne spp.

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confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Haplotype-based Identification of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Cut Foliage Crops in Florida

Baidoo

Joseph

Mengistu

et al. 2016

Journal of Nematology

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“…Morphology of the second stage juveniles was observed through a microscope and single J2s picked for DNA extraction and subsequent ITS sequencing. Both morphological observations (particularly the short, broadly rounded tail terminus of J2s, and small galls) (Hunt and Handoo 2009) and ITS sequences (99.8 % match with M. fallax NCBI Genbank accession from the Netherlands (AY281853)) confirmed the J2s arising from single egg masses on white clover were M. fallax. Female, male and juvenile specimens of these M. fallax are deposited in the National Nematode Collection of New Zealand (Accession number NNCNZ3201).…”

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confidence: 89%

First report of Melodogyne fallax hosted by Trifolium repens (white clover): implications for pasture and crop rotations in New Zealand

Rohan

Aalders

Bell

et al. 2016

Australasian Plant Dis. Notes

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The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne fallax is reported for the first time from white clover roots in New Zealand. Identity of the nematodes from single egg mass culture was confirmed by DNA sequencing along with morphological characters of the juveniles and relative gall size. The implications of this and previous host records on the ability of farmers and growers to devise effective rotations to manage this nematode are discussed.Keywords False Columbia Root-knot nematode . Fodder beet . Invasion potential . Host range Meloidogyne fallax was first recorded in New Zealand in 1998 from potato (Solanum tuberosa) tubers, and infected cotula (Lepinella spp.) roots from lawn-bowling greens (Marshall et al. 2001). In July 2011 a sample of fodder beet (Beta vulgaris) was received at the AgResearch Nematology lab, Ruakura. The sample was from a crop which had been reported to have poor yield of uncertain cause. Many fine roots of the beet tubers were affected by root-knot nematode galls ( Fig. 1). DNA extraction (Shah et al. 2009) and ITS sequencing (Shah et al. 2010) of single juvenile (ie J2) nematodes from some of these galls confirmed morphological observations that they were M. fallax. Further putative M. fallax eggs and J2s were extracted from beet crop fine roots and inoculated onto tomato plants (cv. Rutgers) to establish a culture of these nematodes. This culture was maintained in the Ruakura nematology glasshouse and subsequent DNA sequencing again confirmed these as M. fallax.The first indication that white clover may host M. fallax was in April 2012 when a soil sample was taken below a patch of white clover in an unused stock access way at Ruakura. Upon extraction from the soil, nematodes morphologically and molecularly matching M. fallax were observed. In an attempt to confirm this, nematodes from the putative M. fallax tomato culture were inoculated into two pots of white clover seedlings in June 2012. One month post inoculation, all the white clover roots contained small galls with adult female egg masses.To confirm the identity of the putative M. fallax from tomato culture, and its ability to be hosted by white clover, twelve white clover seedlings were each grown in a 10 ml Eppendorf pipette-tip filled with 1:4 sand: potting mix. Two weeks after sowing, plants were inoculated with single egg masses of the putative M. fallax. Inoculated plants were maintained in a controlled environment room for 8 weeks at 20°C, transferred to a 10 cm diameter pot filled with potting mix and maintained in the controlled environment room for a further 2 weeks. Subsequently, the pots were transferred to a glasshouse and maintained for 2 weeks, after which the roots were evaluated for galling. All inoculated plants produced galled roots. Egg masses with females were picked from root galls, cleaned thoroughly with distilled water and allowed to hatch in water at ambient temperature. Morphology of the second stage juveniles was observed through a microscope and single J2s picked for DNA extraction and subsequent ITS s...

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“…The gall size is different between M. incognita and M. hapla, and the former makes relatively larger galls on lateral roots (Hunt and Handoo, 2009). Thus, relatively larger galls formed by M. incognita might have made it difficult to see smaller galls of M. hapla, and therefore galls caused by M. hapla might be underestimated in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a direct quantitative detection method for Meloidogyne incognita and M. hapla in andosol and analysis of relationship between the initial population of Meloidogyne spp. and yield of eggplant in an andosol

Watanabe

Masumura

Kioka

et al. 2013

Japanese Journal of Nematology

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Baermann method, while that of M. incognita and M. hapla from 0.6 to 713 J2 equivalent (J2eq)/20 g soil and from 0.0 to 115 J2eq/20 g soil, respectively, with the real-time PCR method. The yield was determined by the sum of commercial sized eggplants harvested for 3 months of the cultivation period. The yield decreased in the plots with an initial population of RKNs more than 2 J2/20 g soil with the Baermann method. In real-time PCR, the yields were low in the plots with the sum of initial M. incognita and M. hapla more than 128 J2eq/20 g soil. The present study established a quantification method with real-time PCR for M. incognita and M. hapla in andosol and evaluated the relationship between the initial population of Meloidogyne spp. and the yield of eggplant. Nematol. Res. 43(2), 21-29 (2013)

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Taxonomy, identification and principal species.

Cited by 234 publications

References 51 publications

Mitochondrial Haplotype-based Identification of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Cut Foliage Crops in Florida

Mitochondrial Haplotype-based Identification of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Cut Foliage Crops in Florida

First report of Melodogyne fallax hosted by Trifolium repens (white clover): implications for pasture and crop rotations in New Zealand

Development of a direct quantitative detection method for Meloidogyne incognita and M. hapla in andosol and analysis of relationship between the initial population of Meloidogyne spp. and yield of eggplant in an andosol

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