Taxonomy of Ganoderma lucidum from Korea Based on rDNA and Partial β-Tubulin Gene Sequence Analysis

Abstract

In the present study, a phylogenetic analysis was undertaken based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA and partial β-tubulin gene sequence of the Ganoderma species. The size of the ITS rDNA regions from different Ganoderma species varied from 625 to 673 bp, and those of the partial β-tubulin gene sequence were 419 bp. Based on the results, a phylogenetic tree was prepared which revealed that Korean Ganoderma lucidum strains belong in a single group along with a G. lucidum strain from Bangladesh.

Species Clarification of the Widely Cultivated Ganoderma in China Based on rDNA and FIP Gene Sequence Analysis

“…Now, a variety of sequence-based DNA fingerprinting techniques have been used to the identification of cultivation of Ganoderma, such as internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 25S ribosomal DNA sequencing PCR amplification (Moncalvo et al, 1995;Gottlieb et al, 2000;Hong and Jung, 2004;Sun et al, 2006), PCR-RFLP (Zhou et al, 2008;Park et al, 2012), sequence characterized amplified region (Xu et al, 2008) and sequence-related amplified polymorphism molecular marker system (Sun et al, 2006). The use of these techniques is dependent on the ribosomal RNA sequences.…”

“…These protein-coding genes have genus-specific, speciesspecific and strain-specific characters. For example, MnSOD-based phylogenetic analysis of 28 Ganoderma isolates of the G. lucidum complex exhibited five groups, like in ITS-and LSU rRNA-based analysis (Fréalle et al, 2005); fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP)-based identification can provide a valid evidence in molecular level distinction to distinguish the genuine origin of G. lucidum, G. sinense and G. tsugae (Zhou et al, 2008) and partial β-tubulin gene could also be used for distinguishing G. lucidum strain isolated in Korea from other G. lucidum (Park et al, 2012).…”

Three Ganoderma species, including Ganoderma dunense sp. nov., associated with dying Acacia cyclops trees in South Africa

“…The complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, including ITS-1, ITS-2 and the 5.8S small subunit gene was amplified for all isolates using primers ITS1 and ITS4 (White et al 1990). Amplifications of the partial translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and partial βtubulin gene regions were obtained using primer pairs EF595F/EF1160R (Kauserud and Schumacher 2001) and β-tubulin_F/β-tubulin_R (Park et al 2012), respectively.…”

“…Amplifications with the β-tubulin_F/β-tubulin_R primers were carried out with the same parameters as those used by Park et al (2012). PCR products were electrophoresed on 2% agarose gels after staining with GelRed TM nucleic acid dye (Biotium Incorporation, USA) and visualized under UV illumination.…”

“…Most recently, the Phylogenetic Species Recognition (PSR) concept has improved species delimitation in the genus (Hong andJung 2004, Zhou et al 2015). Analyses of DNA sequences for loci such as the internal transcribed spacer (ITS: ITS1-5.8S-ITS2), the translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF1-α) and β-tubulin, among others, have facilitated the inference of relationships between species of Ganoderma (Park et al 2012;Zhou et al 2015;Xing et al 2016). At least 438 specific and infraspecific names are listed for Ganoderma in Index Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org/names/Names.asp).…”