Taxonomy of Penicillium citrinum and related species

Houbraken, Jos; Frisvad, Jens Christian; Samson, Robert A.

doi:10.1007/s13225-010-0047-z

Cited by 99 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Figure 4 shows the classification within Penicillium section Citrina which is well-resolved by using the TUB2 gene. The maximum parsimony tree generated from TUB2 is in accordance with previous studies by Houbraken et al (2010) and Visagie et al (2014a), in that TUB2 is better suited to segregate species in Penicillium than ITS. Unfortunately, there are no TUB2 sequences of P. citrinum from environmental samples available in GenBank.…”

Section: Penicillium Linksupporting

confidence: 85%

Can we use environmental DNA as holotypes?

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The advantages and disadvantages of giving a valid name to a sequence of DNA detected from environmental specimens is presently a hot debate amongst the mycological community. The idea of using intracellular DNA (''mgDNA'') from environmental samples as holotypes seems at face value, to be a good idea, considering the expansion of knowledge among these 'dark taxa' or 'dark matter fungi' that it could provide (i.e. sequence based taxa without physical specimens and formal nomenclature). However, the limitations of using mgDNA as holotypes needs careful thought, i.e. can we use a short mgDNA fragment, which may contain a small amount of genetic information, to allow discrimination between species? What is the point and are the potential problems of giving valid scientific names to mgDNA? Numerous mycologists and taxonomists, who have many years of experience working on the taxonomy and phylogeny of different groups of fungi, are concerned about the consequences of providing valid names to mgDNA. There has been much debate, through several publications on the considerable problems of using mgDNA as holotypes. The proponents have tried to debate the virtues of using mgDNA as holotypes. Those against have shown that identification to species using mgDNA does not work in many fungal groups, while those for have shown cases where species can be identified with mgDNA. Different disciplines have different reasons and opinions for using mgDNA as holotypes, however even groups of the same disciplines have dissimilar ideas. In this paper we explore the use of mgDNA as holotypes. We provide evidences and opinions as to the use of mgDNA as holotypes from our own experiences. In no way do we attempt to degrade the study of DNA from environmental samples and the expansion of knowledge in to the dark taxa, but relate the issues to fungal taxonomy. In fact we show the value of using sequence data from these approaches, in dealing with the discovery of already named taxa, taxa numbers and ecological roles. We discuss the advantages and the pitfalls of using mgDNA from environmental samples as holotypes. The impacts of expanding the nomenclatural concept to allow using mgDNA from environmental samples as holotypes are also discussed. We provide evidence from case studies on Botryosphaeria, Colletotrichum, Penicillium and Xylaria. The case studies show that we cannot use mgDNA due to their short fragments and the fact that most ITS sequence data presently result from environmental sequencing. We conclude from the evidence that it is highly undesirable to use mgDNA as holotypes in naming fungal species. If this approach adopted, it would result in numerous problems where species identification cannot be confirmed due to limited sequence data available for the holotypes. We also propose an alternative DNA-based system for naming DNA based species which would provide considerably less problems and should be adopted.

show abstract

Section: Penicillium Linksupporting

confidence: 85%

Can we use environmental DNA as holotypes?

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These include Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus (Martins et al 2005, Walsh et al 2008, Penicillium chrysogenum (Barcus et al 2005), and Penicillium citrinum (Houbraken et al 2010). Other studies have reported that some filamentous fungi are able to produce and assimilate enzymes for biotechnological applications.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density and diversity of filamentous fungi in the water and sediment of Araçá bay in São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Araçá Bay, located in the city of São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil, is a protected area of substantial complexity. It represents the last remaining mangrove swamp preserve between the cities of Bertioga and Ubatuba on the northern coast of São Paulo State. This mangrove swamp has specific physical and chemical properties, and it shelters a wide variety of life, including fungi. These microorganisms are present in a variety of species with different morphophysiological features, and they have the ability to produce enzymes of biotechnological importance. The goal of this study was to quantify, isolate, and identify filamentous fungi in water and sediment samples from the Araçá Bay mangrove swamp in São Sebastião. Two samplings were performed in the summer and two were performed in the winter. The samples were collected from intertidal zones, and dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity, and pH were measured in situ. The spread plate technique was used to inoculate the samples collected on plates with a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. A total of 208 colonies (68 from water samples and 140 from sediment samples) were isolated, and they were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Filamentous fungus density was higher in the sediment than in the water, and the samplings performed in the winter revealed a higher density than those performed in the summer. Though some of the environmental parameters were not ideal for fungal development, a high quantity of growth was nevertheless observed. When the isolated colonies were analyzed, the greatest diversity and species richness were found in the summer samples. The genera identified in all of the samples were Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Fusarium. The pathogenic species found from these genera were Aspergillus fumigatus, A. terreus, Penicillium citrinum, and P. chrysogenum. These species are also able to produce enzymes that offer a variety of applications. The fungal community described herein represents the diversity found in this mangrove swamp during the period studied. Many of the fungus species found are pathogenic and may be useful due to their ability to produce specific enzymes applicable in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries. Keywords: Mangrove swamp, Environmental parameters, Mycology. Densidade e diversidade de fungos filamentosos na água e sedimento da Baía do Araçá, São Sebastião (SP), BrasilResumo: A Baía do Araçá, localizada no município de São Sebastião (SP), é uma região protegida, de grande complexidade, mantendo o último remanescente preservado de manguezal entre Bertioga e Ubatuba, litoral Norte do Estado de São Paulo. Manguezal caracteriza-se com propriedades físico-químicas específicas e abriga grande diversidade de seres vivos, entre eles os fungos. Estes microrganismos apresentam grande variedade de espécies e diferentes características morfofisiológicas com capacidade de produzir algumas enzimas de importância biotecnológica. Este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar, isolar e id...

show abstract

“…Then all colonies of fungi grown on different levels were counted. Using selected taxonomic references qualitative composition was analysed taking into account macro-and microscopic characteristics of the fungi [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Granulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Dust in Feed Industry

Sobczak¹,

Zawiślak²,

Żukiewicz-Sobczak

et al. 2015

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The problem of dust contamination in the feed and grain storage industry remains relevant. It requires multiple actions at various stages of production in order to protect workers from its adverse effects. The dust that is inhaled during work is not noticed in spite of conjunctival irritation or obstruction of the nasal mucosa [1][2][3]. Micro-organisms (gram-negative bacteria, thermophilic actinomycetes, mould fungi) and endotoxins are the main biological harmful agents of agricultural dusts. Assessment of occupational exposure to dust in feed industry is a complex process aimed to determine the health importance of detected and quantitatively marked adverse factors present in the work environment. This is in order to protect workers who are within range of these agents against diseases [4][5][6]. Harmful effects of dust on the human body can cause many diseases, including pneumoconiosis, cancer, asthma, toxic organic dust syndrome (grain fever), and miller's lung [7][8][9][10][11].Dusts are formed at different stages of production. The most dust-generating processes include milling, crushing, sifting, transporting, and mixing of powdery/loose materials. Organic dusts of plant origin constitute a huge family of dusts whose primary matter is composed of particles of different plants. They are usually mixtures in which, besides the plant particles, there are also inorganic particles and richly represented microflora and macroflora, together with substances produced by them [12]. In general, it can be stated that in almost all organic dusts of plant origin there are microorganisms and endotoxins. The presence of free silica is confirmed for the majority of these dusts. The highest content of SiO 2 in the dust inhaled (reaching up to 60% depending on the type of soil), is present in the phase of the plant material production and obtention. Then it falls to below 10% in later stages of processing. The highest concentrations of dust is detected in the following workstaPol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 24, No. 5 (2015), [2177][2178][2179][2180][2181][2182][2183] Original Research Organic Dust in Feed Industry AbstractAn important issue for the feed industry is the evaluation of occupational exposure to dust that occurs in processing plant workstations. The most dust-generating processes include milling, crushing, sifting, transporting, and mixing of powdery/loose materials. Organic dusts vary in terms of both the dimensions of the particles therein and microbiological contamination. This article presents the results of an analysis aimed at determining the working conditions at various workstations in a feed plant. Three air measuring points were selected: the comminution stage, the granulation process, and the packing stage. Assessment of the concentration of dust particles suspended in the air was made using the dust meter, and then microbiological analysis was carried out in order to identify the number and species of fungi in the respective fractions of the organic dust. Research on present concentrations of airborne or...

show abstract

Taxonomy of Penicillium citrinum and related species

Cited by 99 publications

References 60 publications

Can we use environmental DNA as holotypes?

Can we use environmental DNA as holotypes?

Density and diversity of filamentous fungi in the water and sediment of Araçá bay in São Sebastião, São Paulo, Brazil

Organic Dust in Feed Industry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About