Tc-99m Colloid Lung Uptake in a Rare Case of Toxoplasmosis with Liver Involvement

Cardiopulmonary hemodynamic responses to the small injection of hemoglobin vesicles (artificial oxygen carriers) in miniature pigs

“…Most foreign particles injected intravenously into humans are taken up by Kupffer cells and spleen macrophages. However, they are rarely taken up by the lung when liver function is damaged 23, 24. It might be necessary to consider patients' hepatic condition before injection of liposomes 44…”

“…Pigs are known to respond sensitively to the injection of liposomes 4. Moreover, they show different biodistribution of injected foreign particles because of the presence of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), which are usually not seen in rodents and humans22; but in some pathological conditions PIMs appear 23, 24…”

“…4 Moreover, they show different biodistribution of injected foreign particles because of the presence of pulmonary intravascular macrophages (PIMs), which are usually not seen in rodents and humans 22 ; but in some pathological conditions PIMs appear. 23,24 In this study, we aimed at examination of the response of pigs to the small injection of HbV and empty vesicles (EVs) that do not contain Hb. We analyzed the cardiopulmonary response, and compared it with that obtained through injection of PG-containing vesicles that are known to induce an anaphylactoid reaction.…”

Pulmonary Macrophages

“…It remains uncertain, however, if pulmonary intravascular macrophages are present in healthy humans or rodents; it has been suggested that if they are resident in normal lung, they likely represent a relatively small population of cells (Dehring and Wismar, 1989;Lehnert, 1992). Pulmonary intravascular macrophages have also been reported to increase in numbers in humans suffering from liver disease/abnormalities, and in experimental rodent models of sepsis (Garty et al, 1984;Schneberger et al, 2012). Pulmonary intravascular macrophages have also been reported to increase in numbers in humans suffering from liver disease/abnormalities, and in experimental rodent models of sepsis (Garty et al, 1984;Schneberger et al, 2012).…”

Scintigraphic In Vivo Assessment of the Development of Pulmonary Intravascular Macrophages in Liver Disease

“…Nuclear medicine literature has indeed reported many cases of lung uptake of colloidal radiopharmaceuticals in human patients with liver abnormalities. [17][18][19][20][21][22] If such induction occurs in humans, the risk of pulmonary hemodynamic alterations has to be considered, as well as the clinical consequences of chronic secretion of proinflammatory mediators in the lung.…”