TCP-aware packet marking in networks with DiffServ support

Mellia, Marco; Stoica, Ion; Zhang, Hui

doi:10.1016/s1389-1286(02)00467-x

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…According to a small study of the xDSL backbone of a Internet provider 2 , most of these networks are built around a central core where several loops are connected. These loops are composed of a small number of routers.…”

Section: A Network Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As another example and in the context of QoS networks, Marco Mellia et Al. [2] have proposed to protect from loss some key identified packets of a TCP connection in order to increase the TCP throughput of a flow over an AF (Assured Forwarding) DiffServ class. In this study, the authors observe that TCP performance suffers significantly in the presence of bursty, non-adaptive crosstraffic or when it operates in the small window regime, i.e., when the congestion window is small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study on the Benefit of TCP Packet Prioritisation

Dedu

Lochin

2009

2009 17th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing

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Abstract-This paper studies and analyses the benefits of favouring the transfer of packets of a TCP flow over a besteffort network. Specifically, we aim at studying whether we could improve the pace of short data request, such as HTTP request, by giving a high priority to TCP packets that are not previously enqueued inside a core router. Following the idea that long-lived TCP flows greatly increase the routing queue delay, the motivation of this work is to minimise the impact in terms of delay, introduced by long-lived TCP flows over short TCP flows. Thus, this forwarding scheme avoids to delay packets that do not belong to a flow already enqueued inside a router in order to avoid delay penalty to short flow. We define metrics to study the behaviour of such forwarding scheme and run several experiments over a complex and realistic topology. The results obtained present interesting and unexpected property of this forwarding scheme where not only short TCP flows take benefit of such routing mechanism. I. INTRODUCTIONFavouring the TCP connection establishment packets or any others packets belonging to a TCP flow inside a core network is not a novel idea. James Kurose, in his famous text book Computer Networking [1], suggests that it would be useful to protect from losses TCP packets with a low time-to-live value in order to prevent retransmission of packets that have already done a long travel inside a core network. As another example and in the context of QoS networks, Marco Mellia et Al. [2] have proposed to protect from loss some key identified packets of a TCP connection in order to increase the TCP throughput of a flow over an AF (Assured Forwarding) DiffServ class. In this study, the authors observe that TCP performance suffers significantly in the presence of bursty, non-adaptive crosstraffic or when it operates in the small window regime, i.e., when the congestion window is small. The main argument is that bursty losses, or losses during the small window regime, may cause retransmission timeouts (RTOs) which will result in TCP entering the slowstart phase. As a possible solution, the authors propose qualitative enhancements to protect against loss: the first several packets of the flow in order to allow TCP to safely exit the initial small window regime; several packets after an RTO occurs to make sure that the retransmitted packet is delivered with high probability and that TCP sender exits the small window regime; several packets after receiving three duplicate acknowledgement packets in order to protect the retransmission. This allows to protect against losses, packets that strongly impact on the average TCP throughput. In this paper, we propose to study the prioritisation of certain TCP

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Section: A Network Topologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on the Benefit of TCP Packet Prioritisation

Dedu

Lochin

2009

2009 17th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing

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“…Thus, selectively marking packets as IN allows TCP to exit as fast as possible from the undesirable states. In order to take into account these states, Marco Mellia in [28] proposes:…”

Section: Qualitative Microflows Marking [28]mentioning

confidence: 99%

TCP throughput guarantee in the DiffServ Assured Forwarding service: what about the results?

Lochin

Anelli

2008

Ann. Telecommun.

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International audienceSince the proposition of quality of service (QoS) architectures by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the interaction between TCP and the QoS services has been intensively studied. This paper proposes to look forward to the results obtained in terms of TCP throughput guarantee in the DiffServ assured forwarding (DiffServ/AF) service and to present an overview of the different proposals to solve the problem. It has been demonstrated that the standardized IETF DiffServ conditioners such as the token bucket color marker and the time sliding window color maker were not good TCP traffic descriptors. Starting with this point, several propositions have been made, and most of them present new marking schemes in order to replace or improve the traditional token bucket color marker. The main problem is that TCP congestion control is not designed to work with the AF service. Indeed, both mechanisms are antagonists. TCP has the property to share in a fair manner the bottleneck bandwidth between flows while DiffServ network provides a level of service that is controllable and predictable. In this paper, we build a classification of all the propositions made during the past few years and compare them. As a result, we will see that these conditioning schemes can be separated into three sets of action levels and that the conditioning at the network edge level is the most accepted one. We conclude that the problem is still unsolved and that TCP, conditioned or not conditioned, remains inappropriate for the DiffServ/AF service

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“…This approach requires state at a flow granularity to be kept at the core routers and, thus, does not fully comply with the DiffServ principles. Another approach for improving the performance of TCP flows using the RED with in/out bit (RIO) AQM mechanism at the routers is presented in [23]. The objective of the proposed marking is to selectively mark packets, based on TCP flow state, in order to reduce the possibility of TCP entering the slow start phase due to retransmission timeouts.…”

Section: Bandwidth Fairness Achieved By the Af Service Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance analysis of relative service using TCP‐aware marking and dynamic WRED

Bouras

Sevasti

2008

Int J Communication

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SUMMARYThe implementation of successful assured forwarding (AF) services according to the DiffServ framework remains a challenging problem today, despite the numerous proposals for assured forwarding per-hopbehaviour (AF PHB) mechanisms and AF-based service implementations. The interaction of the TCP and UDP traffic under an AF-based service and a number of relative issues such as fairness among flows, achievable bandwidth guarantees and qualitative performance have been taken into consideration in this work in order to address the existing limitations. We propose two modules, the TCP-window aware marker (TWAM) and the dynamic WRED (WRED) mechanism for implementing the differentiated services (DiffServ) AF PHB. We provide analytical models and an experimental evaluation in order to demonstrate how they succeed in enhancing the quality, improving the performance and easing the deployment of a production level AF-based service.

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TCP-aware packet marking in networks with DiffServ support

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

A Study on the Benefit of TCP Packet Prioritisation

A Study on the Benefit of TCP Packet Prioritisation

TCP throughput guarantee in the DiffServ Assured Forwarding service: what about the results?

Performance analysis of relative service using TCP‐aware marking and dynamic WRED

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