Tea waste and food waste as a potential feedstock for biogas production

Yadav, Dipti; Barbora, Lepakshi; Rangan, Latha; Mahanta, Pinakeswar

doi:10.1002/ep.12337

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The third stage mass elimination was detected ahead of 600 °C because of the exclusion of residual moiety and burning of aromatic carbons. The entire mass elimination here was about 58% . The TGA data of the MS showed a 3% mass decrease between the temperature ranges of 100–150 °C due to trapped water molecule decompositions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…At high frequencies, the imaginary portion ( Z ″) is nearby zero of the impedance and the ( Z ′) measured portion is the ohmic resistance, which is the factual part of resistance arising due to electrolyte and the contact between current collector and electrode material. The lower standards of equivalent series resistance (ESR) predict the decent conductance of the electrochemical system . The quasicircle for MnO 2 @N–AC in the higher‐frequency part and line in the lower‐frequency region are due to the formation of EDL at the electrode and electrolyte edge .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Waste‐Derived Heteroatom‐Doped Activated Carbon/Manganese Dioxide Trio‐Composite for Supercapacitor Applications

2020

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The utilization of biological‐waste materials to synthesize heteroatom‐doped activated carbon (AC), followed by metal oxide functionalization for high‐performance supercapacitors is described. Herein, easily available and cheap biowaste, i.e., cow dung (CD), and low priced‐nontoxic waste melamine sponge (MS) are consumed to produce nitrogen‐doped AC followed by functionalization with economically inexpensive manganese dioxide (MnO2), that is utilized to provide an efficient energy‐storage material. The use of CD, MS, and MnO2 materials furnishes the process with sustainability, cost‐effectiveness, and safe components for the doping of heteroatoms and metal oxide on the carbon framework for energy‐storage applications. The subsequent material exhibits maximum specific capacitance, i.e., 424 F g−1, at a current density of 1 A g−1, which relates to maximum power as well as the energy density of 1817 W kg−1 and 47.7 Wh kg−1, respectively. The resultant material shows high‐performance specific capacitance and excellent cyclic stability for supercapacitor applications. This modest process of the direct production of N‐doped AC followed by MnO2 functionalization is a simple, economical, large production of a nanomaterial prototype for different applications including supercapacitor applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste‐Derived Heteroatom‐Doped Activated Carbon/Manganese Dioxide Trio‐Composite for Supercapacitor Applications

2020

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“…The lower standards of ESR indicate the excellent conductivity of the electrolytic system. [30][31][32] In the high-frequency area, the intercept at the axis of real impedance is associated with the inner resistance. The diameter of the semicircle in high-frequency region represents the charge transfer resistance (R ct ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Bio‐inspired Co‐electrolytes for Enhancement of Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors

Wadekar

Khose

Pethsangave

2020

Energy & Environ Materials

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Throughout the earlier times, major efforts have been dedicated to energy-storing materials for their applications in supercapacitors. Supercapacitors that are typically divided into electric double-layer capacitor, pseudo-type capacitors, and hybrid capacitors; [1,2] which has engrossed an excessive impact of interest equally in industrial as well as academic research. Electric double-layer capacitors have extended so much of attention. [1-4] High power densities and excellent cyclabilities have led to their use in everyday devices. These electric double-layer capacitors are commonly organized of two electrodes divided by a permeable membrane saturated by a liquid electrolyte. These are primarily used because of the different benefits of supercapacitors above fuel cells and batteries, comprising greater power densities which are encouraged due to fast charge-discharge rates and long cycles stabilities. [5,6] The power and energies densities of supercapacitors depend on their specific capacitance. The electrolyte is a component that yields an electrically conducting fluid when dissolved in a polar solvent, for example, water. The dissolved electrolyte splits into anions as well as cations, which separate evenly in the solvent. The electrolyte is electrically neutral when an electric potential is applied to the electrolytic solution, the cations move toward the electrode, which has ample of electrons. In contrast, the anions attract to the electrode, which has a deficiency of electrons. [7,8] The existence of smaller de-solvated anions effects in a more ionic adsorption density while using larger cations. Additionally, with smaller anions, the surface area comes to be accessible to ion adsorption, enhancing the specific capacitance of the subsequent material. [7-9] There are many aqueous electrolytes have been used for the electrochemical characterization of supercapacitors such as 1 M sulfuric acid, 6 M KOH, 1 M sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, etc. [10-12] Researchers also have used the ionic liquid as an electrolyte for the electrochemical characterization of electrode materials, which deals with the voltage of supercapacitors. [13] The deep eutectic solvents (DES) are opening electrifying and different prospects as encouraging future generation modern fluids. [14,15] Comparing with ionic liquids, DES show attractive benefits, for instance, higher biodegradability, biocompatibility, very less toxicity and lower cost. The solvent properties can be altered by modestly varying nature as well as the mole fraction of the constituents. These unique advantages make it bio-inspired to use it as electrolytes. [16,17] In the latest years, perpetual efforts have been taken for accepting and adapting the properties of electrolytes for supercapacitors. For instance, A. R. Koh and research group examined the result of cation size in the electrolyte of quaternary ammonium salts. [8] S. Park et al. studied dual salt electrolytes to devastate the solubility issues of electrolytes. The smaller size of the Tetramethylammonium ...

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“…Evaluation of daily cumulative methane yield and methane yield per gram of VS was further performed in order to understand the efficacy of the pretreatment methods and the amount of daily cumulative methane and methane (mL/g VS) was calculated as per earlier report 39 . As shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsic molecular insights to enhancement of biogas production from kitchen refuse using alkaline-microwave pretreatment

Singh

Verma

Ojha

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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The current study analyzed and optimized the concentration of NaOH for alkaline pretreatment of kitchen refuse for biogas production. Also, the benefits of microwave assistance in enhanced biogasification of kitchen refuse were evaluated. The TS, VS and structural changes were compared using standard experimental techniques. Molecular dynamics was investigated for the molecular level changes leading to higher biogasification in NaOHmicrowave combined pretreatment. The methane and biogas yields were calculated to validate the benefits of microwave assistance in efficient biogasification. The NaOH-microwave combined pretreatment showed higher VS production. Microwave treatment degraded and removed lignin more efficiently. Molecular dynamics studies revealed the induction of configurational instability in lignin and cellulose molecules with variable temperatures. The methane and biogas production increased with 6% NaOH concentration, and decreased at higher NaOH concentration till 10%. Microwave assistance declined the required NaOH concentration further to 4%. Thus, as compared to 6% NaOH concentration required for an efficient pretreatment, the kitchen refuse was efficiently pretreated with 4% NaOH concentration when combined with a 30 min duration microwaving. The experimental and computational data provided a detailed analysis proposing an optimized, novel and promising method to pretreat kitchen refuse for efficient and enhanced biogas production.

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Tea waste and food waste as a potential feedstock for biogas production

Cited by 46 publications

References 25 publications

Waste‐Derived Heteroatom‐Doped Activated Carbon/Manganese Dioxide Trio‐Composite for Supercapacitor Applications

Waste‐Derived Heteroatom‐Doped Activated Carbon/Manganese Dioxide Trio‐Composite for Supercapacitor Applications

The Effect of Bio‐inspired Co‐electrolytes for Enhancement of Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors

Intrinsic molecular insights to enhancement of biogas production from kitchen refuse using alkaline-microwave pretreatment

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