Teachers’ Awareness Regarding Emergency Management of Epistaxis inside the School; Alahssa, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Epistaxis is one of the commonest emergencies encountered by ENT physicians as well as to family and emergency physicians. It is common among school children as they are easily injured during different school activities. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and attitude regarding first aid management of epistaxis among school teachers in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted in November 2017 among Saudi school teachers in AlAhssa region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The data were collected by a well-structured online questionnaire which was designed including questions about the biographical data of the teacher, questions about the past knowledge of the emergency management of epistaxis and questions assessing the awareness of the method applied as a management of epistaxis. Result: We received 485 valid responses. 76% of teachers were female, 93% worked in public and 40% were in primary schools. 54% of participants had received information about first aid to stop nose bleeding or hemorrhage. 67% said that their students experienced epistaxis before. Interestingly, 15% said they would not try to stop the bleeding, and only 25% said they would press on the cartilaginous part of nose. However, a higher percentage (57%) knew that they should tilt the head forward.

The Level of School Teachers’ Knowledge About First-Aid Management and Control of Epistaxis in Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia

“…However, the result in our study is lower than other Saudi studies that claimed 54.5%, 68%, 94%, and 56% of their respondents had previously received information [24,25,27,28]. Our results were that about half of our participants had taught students with epistaxis during their careers, which is higher than the results of an online study conducted in Saudi Arabia, which found 41.9% had encountered epistaxis in students, but it was lower than the experience of study participants from other regions of Saudi Arabia, including Riyadh (68.1%), Al Ahsa (67%), Aseer (72.6%), and Taif (66.6%) [24][25][26][27][28]. Almost two-thirds of our participants were aware that with epistaxis, they must try to stop the bleeding, which is a lower percentage than in the studies conducted by Alshehri et al, which showed 68% of their participants knew this and Al-Kubaisy et al, which reported 76.5% of their participants were aware of this fact [24,25].…”

“…In the present study, onequarter of the participants were aware that first aid for epistaxis includes the application of compression on the cartilaginous part of the nose, but only a few (3.6%) knew the correct compression time of more than 10 minutes. This finding is in agreement with other Saudi studies that showed 23% and 25% awareness levels, respectively, but their reported levels of knowledge about compression time were a bit higher than ours at 12.8% and 7%, respectively [24,25]. Other studies have reported 27.4%, 30%, 29.1%, and 64.6% of participants had awareness of compression on the cartilaginous part of the nose, and the correct compression time was reported among 11.9% and 10.1% of participants in other studies [26,28,33,34].…”

“…This is similar to findings reported by Al-Kubaisy in Riyadh (55.9%) and Alasiri et al in the Aseer region (50.5%) [25,26]. Additionally, our rate is lower than studies by [24,27,28]. In the present study, three-quarters of participants reported that they would try to change the position of the head, but only half of the participants knew they should tilt the head forward.…”

Epistaxis and Its Associated Factors Among Precollege Students in Southern Ethiopia

“…Data was collected using a pre-tested and semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire that is developed based on a previous study. 3,7,14,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The questionnaire was first prepared in English and translated to local language (Amharic) for the data collection. The question was back-translated to English to check its consistency.…”

“…12 This makes the problem mostly ignored, and results in limited awareness in society on emergency first aid management of the disease. 25 It is unclear how much the level of epistaxis is and which factors locally are associated to the case. Basically the distribution of epistaxis is common among young adults.…”