“…Laser teaching is essential because it is technologylinked, authentic and relevant to the real world, and related to interdisciplinary science (Clark et al, 2019;Jaime et al, 2016;Li et al, 2017;Prinsloo & Deventer, 2017;Wengrowicz et al, 2017). Several universities in China, Taiwan, and the United States have used PBL to teach laser and optics materials to improve students' design skills, knowledge management skills, confidence, and professionalism for the future (Bilgin et al, 2015;Clark et al, 2020;Tsybulsky & Muchnik-Rozanov, 2019).…”