Teaching the basics of redox biology to medical and graduate students: Oxidants, antioxidants and disease mechanisms

Kalyanaraman, Balaraman

doi:10.1016/j.redox.2013.01.014

Cited by 440 publications

(343 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…According to Rosen criteria, requiring CNR >5, the detection sensitivity of ROS imaging was around 10 pM assuming a lifetime of 1 ls for the hydroxyl radicals. [8][9][10][11][12][13] With the estimated ROS concentrations over time and the corresponding T 1 relaxation times, the T 1 relaxivity of ROS was computed to be 3.4 3 10 7 s 21 ÁmM 21 , which is much larger than that of Gd-DTPA (0.9 s 21 ÁmM 21 ) (Fig. 5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13] Instead of developing an MRI technique with submicrosecond temporal resolution to study its MRI properties, we alternatively established an imaging platform that sustainably produces ROS. Fresh egg white treated with H 2 O 2 prolongs ROS production for hours, with quantifiable ROS concentrations over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the lifetime of singlet oxygen, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical in aqueous solutions is within the ls regime. [8][9][10][11][12][13] In addition, The power of MRI resides in providing superb softtissue structural contrast for clinical diagnosis. In addition to the anatomical information provided by MRI, molecular information may also be obtained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the lifetime of singlet oxygen, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical in aqueous solutions is within the ls regime. [8][9][10][11][12][13] In addition, the in vivo concentration of ROS is generally low (lM level), 14 making the detection more challenging. In order to measure ROS, several methods have been developed including optical redox scanning 15 and exogenous contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based methods.…”

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Imaging short‐lived reactive oxygen species (ROS) with endogenous contrast MRI

Tain

Scotti

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose: To characterize the relaxation properties of reactive oxygen species (ROS) for the development of endogenous ROS contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Materials and Methods: ROS-producing phantoms and animal models were imaged at 9.4T MRI to obtain T 1 and T 2 maps. Egg white samples treated with varied concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) were used to evaluate the effect of produced ROS in T 1 and T 2 for up to 4 hours. pH and temperature changes due to H 2 O 2 treatment in egg white were also monitored. The influences from H 2 O 2 itself and oxygen were evaluated in bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution producing no ROS. In addition, dynamic temporal changes of T 1 in H 2 O 2 -treated egg white samples were used to estimate ROS concentration over time and hence the detection sensitivity of relaxation-based endogenous ROS MRI. The relaxivity of ROS was compared with that of Gd-DTPA as a reference. Finally, the feasibility of in vivo ROS MRI with T 1 mapping acquired using an inversion recovery sequence was demonstrated with a well-established rotenone-treated mouse model (n 5 6). Results: pH and temperature changes in treated egg white samples were insignificant (<0.1 unit and <18C, respectively). T 1 relaxation time in the H 2 O 2 -treated egg white was reduced significantly (P < 0.05), while there was only small reduction in T 2 (<10%). In the H 2 O 2 -treated BSA solution that produce no ROS, there was a small change in T 1 due to H 2 O 2 itself (61%), although a significant T 2 -shortening effect was observed (>10%, P < 0.05). Also, there was a small reduction in T 1 (13 6 1%) and T 2 (1 6 2%) from molecular oxygen. The detection sensitivity of ROS MRI was estimated around 10 pM. The T 1 relaxivity of ROS was found to be much higher than that of Gd-DTPA (3.4 3 10 7 vs. 0.9 s 21 ÁmM 21 ). Finally, significantly reduced T 1 was observed in rotenone-treated mouse brain (5.1 6 2.5%, P < 0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrated in the study that endogenous ROS MRI based on the paramagnetic effect has sensitivity for in vitro and in vivo applications. Level of Evidence: 2 Technical Efficacy Stage: 2 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2018;47:222-229. R eactive oxygen species (ROS), including singlet oxygen, and hydroxyl radical (ÁOH), have long been subjects of study due to their central role in cell signaling, the aging process, and in the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's diseases. 1-5 ROS can be divided into radical species (eg, ÁOH) and nonradical species (eg, H 2 O 2 ). They are mainly produced by several different enzyme systems (eg, cytosolic enzyme) and by the mitochondrial complex I and III. 6 They can react readily with any surrounding tissue component (eg, lipids, proteins, and DNA) 2 and can initiate complicated chain processes with high biological impact (eg, Haber-Weiss or Fenton reactions). 7 The high reactivity and short lifetime of radical ROS make them very challenging to detect. For example, the lifetime...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Imaging short‐lived reactive oxygen species (ROS) with endogenous contrast MRI

Tain

Scotti

et al. 2017

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…•-, H 2 O 2, HO • ) et aux espèces réactives de l'azote oxygéné (ERA -ou RNS -tels que NO • et ONOO -) [22]. Alors que leur production est un phénomène physiologique, essentiel au métabolisme cellulaire, les ERO et les ERA peuvent être à l'origine de dommages structuraux et fonctionnels de l'ADN, de l'ARN, des protéines et des lipides des membranes cellulaires ( Figure 4).…”

Section: Prééclampsie Et Régulation éPigénétiqueunclassified

Nouveaux regards sur la prééclampsie

2017

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> La prééclampsie est une maladie majeure, fréquente et potentiellement sévère de la grossesse, caractérisée par une hypertension gravidique et une protéinurie. Dans cette revue, nous rapportons les progrès récents réalisés dans la compréhension de la pathologie et évoquons ses impacts à long terme sur la santé vasculaire maternelle. Nous décrivons ensuite les bases génétiques, épigénétiques et immunologiques de la prééclampsie. Nous détaillons en particulier les liens entre pathologie et stress oxydatif au niveau des cellules placentaires (trophoblastes) et endothéliales. Nous mentionnons les modèles d'étude cellulaires et animaux couramment utilisés pour décrypter les voies physiopathologiques modifiées dans une grossesse prééclamptique par rapport à une grossesse normale. Enfin, nous évoquons les possibilités thérapeutiques existantes et à venir pour améliorer le suivi des grossesses, la santé des patientes et celles des enfants nés de grossesses prééclamptiques. < La prééclampsie (PE), longtemps considérée comme une maladie mystérieuse à l'étiologie inconnue, naguère dénommée toxémie gravidique, se caractérise par une hypertension artérielle et une protéinurie se déclenchant au plus tôt à la mi-gestation [1] (➜). La maladie induit des répercussions cliniques parfois gravissimes, incluant le syndrome HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet), pouvant se compliquer d'une coagulation intravasculaire disséminée, ou par l'éclampsie, une crise convulsive géné-ralisée décrite dès l'antiquité, avec un premier cas peut-être identifié il y a 28 000 ans [2]. Au cours des 15 dernières années, des progrès considérables ont été réalisés dans la compréhension de l'étiologie de la PE. La pathologie est considérée comporter deux phases : l'une asymptomatique et très précoce, en relation avec une placentation défectueuse ; l'autre caractérisée par l'apparition des symptômes chez la mère.De la dysfonction placentaire à l'attaque du système vasculaire maternel : des conséquences maternelles et foetales parfois dramatiques La première phase de la PE se caractérise par un défaut d'invasion des trophoblastes qui colonisent les tissus utérins maternels, induisant des anomalies histologiques locales. La deuxième phase correspond au syndrome maternel affectant l'endothélium, probablement par la libération, par le placenta, de molécules anti-angiogéniques dans la circulation maternelle comme sFLT1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) et sENG (soluble endoglin) (Figure 1). sFLT1 (ou sVEGFR1), la forme soluble du récepteur du VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) générée par épissage alternatif, inhibe la formation des tubes endothéliaux et bloque les effets vasodilatateurs de ses ligands (VEGF et de PlGF). Similairement, la sENG (l'endogline soluble) joue un rôle anti-angiogénique en inhibant la cascade du TGF (transforming growth factor b), cruciale pour l'angiogenèse. La prééclampsieUne obsession angoissée des services de gynéco-obstétrique dans les pays industrialisés Une jeune mère consulte pour une grossesse « ...

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Clinical trials and antioxidant outcomes

Palacio

Mooradian

2016

Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection

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Teaching the basics of redox biology to medical and graduate students: Oxidants, antioxidants and disease mechanisms

Cited by 440 publications

References 36 publications

Imaging short‐lived reactive oxygen species (ROS) with endogenous contrast MRI

Imaging short‐lived reactive oxygen species (ROS) with endogenous contrast MRI

Nouveaux regards sur la prééclampsie

Clinical trials and antioxidant outcomes

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