Against the broader backdrop of histories and debates sketched out in earlier chapters, Chapter 3 focuses in detail on the life and work of Mouloud Feraoun, touching on other important figures including Jean Amrouche and Albert Camus. Feraoun was a successful novelist who remained dedicated to his work as a teacher in a French primary school, even when his work placed his life at threat from both sides in the Algerian war of independence (during which the FLN at one point called a boycott of French schools). He finished his life working for the CSEs (Centres sociaux 裵catifs) established by the French authorities during the war. The chapter tries to shed light on this heroic/anti-heroic commitment to education, and how we can understand, and perhaps justify, his decision to remain part of the colonial education system in the context of a violent anti-colonial war, despite his commitment to Algerian independence. [150]