Tear break-up time for tear film evaluation: Are moistening solutions interchangeable?

Serés, Carme; Quevedo, Lluı̈sa; Cardona, Genı́s; Blanch, Estel·la; Augé, Montserrat

doi:10.1016/j.clae.2015.03.003

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Whereas the Schirmer test score is related to the tear production status, TFBUT is one of the most commonly employed tests to assess tear film stability [22, 23]. We hypothesize that the improvement in TFBUT is largely due to an increase in goblet cell density.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Topical 3% Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Multifactorial Dry Eye Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Nam

Kim

Yoo³

2019

Ophthalmic Res

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Purpose: A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of topical 3% diquafosol in treating patients with dry eye disease (DED). Methods: Nine qualified randomized controlled trials incorporating 1,467 patients were included. Two of the reviewers selected the studies and independently assessed the risk of bias. The outcome measures were Schirmer score, tear film break-up time (TFBUT), rose bengal staining score, and corneal fluorescein staining score. To confirm the effect of diquafosol on dryness after cataract surgery, we performed a subgroup analysis according to the presence or absence of surgery. Results: We observed statistically significant improvements in scores on the Schirmer test (weighted mean difference 0.74 mm at 4 weeks; 95% CI: 0.24–1.24; I² = 0%), fluorescein stain, rose bengal stain, and TFBUT after treatment with diquafosol compared with the group using other eye drops. As a result of the subgroup analysis of DED after cataract surgery, diquafosol was found to be more effective than the other eye drops with regard to TFBUT and rose bengal staining. Conclusions: Topical diquafosol could be an effective treatment for DED, and also for DED after cataract surgery. Further randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes for the different clinical types of DED are warranted to determine the efficacy and limitations of diquafosol for these different clinical types of DED.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Topical 3% Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Multifactorial Dry Eye Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Nam

Kim

Yoo³

2019

Ophthalmic Res

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“…Therefore, to further analyze the impact of TENS on the tear fluid, 20 healthy VDT users were recruited from Zhongshan School of Medicine and 17 subjects (6 males and 11 females), aged 24.88 ± 2.39 years, met the inclusion criteria: noninvasive Keratograph first breakup time (NIKf-BUT) 5 to 15 seconds and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores < 15. [34][35][36][37][38] The exclusion criteria were as follows: incapable of completing the questionnaire or understanding the procedures, the presence of ocular or systemic disease or the use of topical or systemic medications that may affect the ocular surface, previous eye surgery or contact lens wear.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[37] The participants were regarded as healthy individuals when their OSDI scores were less than 15, based on previous studies. [34][35][36][37][38]…”

Section: Assessment Of Osdi Scoresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliciting blinks by transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation improves tear fluid in healthy video display terminal users: A self-controlled study

et al. 2022

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We aimed to elicit strong blinks among healthy video display terminal (VDT) users by periorbital transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) and evaluate its impact on the tear fluid and visual task. Appropriate TENS conditions were evaluated to evoke strong blinks under minimum discomfort. Seventeen healthy VDT users with noninvasive Keratograph first breakup time (NIKf-BUT) 5-15 s and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores < 15 were recruited in this study. Before the trial, noninvasive Keratograph average breakup time (NIKa-BUT), tear meniscus height (TMH) and OSDI scores were evaluated. Before each TENS session, the volunteers played Tetris while the corresponding blink rate and Tetris scores were recorded. Then, the participants underwent 30 minutes of TENS, which evoked blinking of their right eye 20 times per minute. Tetris scores were evaluated again during TENS. The Tetris scores and corresponding blink rate were assessed after each TENS session while NIKa-BUT, TMH and OSDI scores were recorded after the third and sixth TENS sessions. We found that OSDI scores declined significantly after the sixth TENS (P = .003). The NIKa-BUT of the right eye was promoted after the sixth TENS (P = .02), and the TMH was higher after the third and sixth TENS in both eyes (P = .03, P = .03 for right eyes respectively, P = .01, P = .01 for left eyes respectively). There was no significant difference between the adjusted Tetris scores before and during TENS (P = .12). The blink rate before and after TENS were unaffected after 6 sessions (P = .61). The results indicated that periorbital TENS effectively ameliorated ocular irritation and improved tear secretion and tear film stability by eliciting strong blinks in healthy VDT users without disturbing the visual task.

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Diagnostic Performance of Visionix VX120+ Platform for Dry Eye Screening

Martínez-Plaza,

Barberán-Bernardos,

Molina-Martín

et al. 2024

Diagnostics

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Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of diagnosing dry eye disease (DED) by using the Visionix VX120+, to establish reference values for tear meniscus height (TMH) and non-invasive break-up time (NIBUT), and to compare the NIBUT measurements with the fluorescein tear break-up time (FBUT), Methods: fifty-eight subjects (34 dry eye and 24 control) were enrolled. The TMH, first NIBUT, and NIBUT50% were evaluated with the Visionix VX120+, and the FBUT was measured with a slit-lamp. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance, and the Bland–Altman method was performed to analyze the agreement. Results: The areas under the curve were 0.62, 0.60, and 0.70 for the TMH, first NIBUT, and NIBUT50%, respectively. The optimal cut-off values (sensitivity, specificity) were 0.29 (0.62, 0.67), 5.05 (0.85, 0.46), and 7.35 (0.65, 0.79) for the TMH, first NIBUT, and NIBUT50%, respectively. The mean differences (lower, upper limits of agreement) were −1.10 (−8.78, 6.58) and 1.55 (−5.68, 8.78) for the first NIBUT vs. FBUT and the NIBUT50% vs. FBUT, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion, the NIBUT50% can be a useful tool for dry eye screening, with acceptable values of sensitivity and specificity. First, the NIBUT and NIBUT50% should not be used interchangeably with the FBUT.

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Tear break-up time for tear film evaluation: Are moistening solutions interchangeable?

Abstract: The present findings support the relevance of selecting the appropriate solution when conducting TBUT for the evaluation of the tear film. Deviations from the recommended procedure may result in misdiagnosis of dry eye and unnecessary patient referral.

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Efficacy and Safety of Topical 3% Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Multifactorial Dry Eye Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Efficacy and Safety of Topical 3% Diquafosol Ophthalmic Solution for the Treatment of Multifactorial Dry Eye Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials

Eliciting blinks by transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation improves tear fluid in healthy video display terminal users: A self-controlled study

Diagnostic Performance of Visionix VX120+ Platform for Dry Eye Screening

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