Tear lipid layer thickness and ocular comfort with a novel device in dry eye patients with or without Sjogren's syndrome

Spiteri, Anthony; Mitra, M.; Menon, Gopal; Casini, Alessandra Ferri; Adams, Dorothy R.; Ricketts, Christopher J.; Hickling, P.; Fuller, E T; Fuller, J R

doi:10.1016/s0181-5512(07)89605-7

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In addition to eyelid masks, promising new eyelid warming technologies include steam [17,19,34,35], thermal [36][37][38][39] and chemically activated disposable sachets [40]. Aside from the effect on the meibum, warm compresses can also transiently degrade vision from the light pressure of the compress [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex vivo heat retention of different eyelid warming masks

Lacroix

Léger

Bitton

2015

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex vivo heat retention of different eyelid warming masks

Lacroix

Léger

Bitton

2015

Contact Lens and Anterior Eye

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“…4 Elevated eyelid temperature delivers more meibomian oil to the eyelid. 5 Numerous devices have been developed to warm the eyelid [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and the warming relieves dry eye symptoms, 13,[15][16][17][18]21 improves meibum score, 11,15,16 increases tear breakup time, 11,[15][16][17] and tear lipid layer thickness 14 and ameliorates dry eye related morphological changes in the meibomian gland. 11,[16][17][18] One study found that heating did not improve their breakup time or lipid layer thickness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optimum temperature for the heat therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction

Borchman

2019

The Ocular Surface

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Purpose-Numerous devices have been developed to warm the eyelid as a therapy for Meibomian gland dysfunction. The optimum temperature for such therapy was determined. Methods-Meibum lipid disorder versus temperature was calculated from previously published phase transition parameters measured using infrared spectroscopy. Phase transitions parameters were calculated from meibum obtained from donors with Meibomian gland dysfunction (M MGD), donors who were susceptible to dry eye after hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (M HSCT) and meibum from donors without dry eye (Mn). Results-Heating Mn to 40 °C increases the lipid disorder by 20.4% to 90 %. Heating the meibum another 4 degrees increases the disorder to 95%. M MGD is 73.2 % disordered with no heating. Heating M MGD to 41.5 °C increases the disorder by 26.8 % to 90 % disordered. Heating M MGD another 5.1 °C increases the disorder to 95%. As meibum from donors who had hematopoietic stem cell transplantations, M HSCT , is much more ordered, 56.9 % disordered compared with M n and M MGD , a higher temperature above safety limits, 52 and 59 °C is need to disorder M HSCT to 90 and 95% disorder. Conclusions-Heating the eye lid above the phase transition temperature of meibum increases the disorder of meibum lipid which could ameliorate dry eye symptoms. The optimum temperature for disordering Mn and M MGD to 90% maximum disorder is 40 and 41.5 °C, respectively. Safety issues and discomfort should be considered in obtaining an optimal level of disorder, especially for severe cases of dry eye.

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“…In addition, LLT is correlated to the number of expressible meibomian glands [ 35 ] and meibomian gland loss [ 19 ]. Measurement of LLT therefore leads to a greater understanding of diseases that affect lipid expression and aid in their assessment, such as in the diagnosis of MGD [ 36 – 39 ]. Some studies have also shown an increase in LLT after treatment of MGD [ 40 , 41 ], suggesting that it may be used as a monitoring tool after commencement of treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-observer and inter-observer repeatability of ocular surface interferometer in measuring lipid layer thickness

2015

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BackgroundTear lipid morphology is important for normal tear function. Recently, there have been clinical studies using interferometry to assess lipid layer thickness (LLT). The aim of the study is to examine the repeatability of a commercially available interferometer.MethodsTwo observers measured LLT in twenty Asian subjects (20 eyes) using an interferometer (LipiView® ocular surface interferometer, TearScience Inc, Morrisville, NC). Dry eye symptoms, tear break up time (TBUT) and corneal fluorescein staining were also prospectively evaluated.ResultsData for 20 participants are presented for either right or left eye (randomly selected). The mean LLT ± standard deviation of these participants was 53.53 ± 14.59 nm. When a single observer repeated the imaging on the same day, the coefficient of repeatability was 16 nm and the 95 % limits of agreement were between −11 nm and 18 nm. When a different observer repeated the scan, the coefficient of repeatability was 13 nm and limits of agreement were −9 nm and 16 nm. LLT was not significantly associated with TBUT, presence of any corneal staining in any corneal zones, or symptomatic status.ConclusionWith the repeatability of measurements being known, the significance of LLT changes measured by this interferometer may be better interpreted. In this small Asian study, the LLT was lower than previously reported studies.

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Tear lipid layer thickness and ocular comfort with a novel device in dry eye patients with or without Sjogren's syndrome

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Ex vivo heat retention of different eyelid warming masks

Ex vivo heat retention of different eyelid warming masks

The optimum temperature for the heat therapy for meibomian gland dysfunction

Intra-observer and inter-observer repeatability of ocular surface interferometer in measuring lipid layer thickness

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