Tear osmolarity measurement using the TearLab™ Osmolarity System in the assessment of dry eye treatment effectiveness

Benelli, U; Nardi, Marco; Posarelli, Chiara; Albert, Timothy G.

doi:10.1016/j.clae.2010.01.003

Cited by 130 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Osmolarity in the control group was 296.8 Ϯ 10.1 mOsm/l in females and 292.1 Ϯ 8.6 mOsm/l in males. 12 Benelli and colleagues 13 compared the effectiveness of lubricant eye drops in DES and demonstrated that tear osmolarity can measure more subtle changes in the condition of the ocular surface than the Schirmer test, tear break-up time or corneal staining. In the current study, all patients having PEX syndrome and the control group were men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recently marketed osmolarity microchip system based on electrical conductivity measurement (TearLab, OcuSense, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA) seems to have overcome these aspects. 12,13 The TearLab Osmolarity System is described as a 'laboratory-on-a-chip' system that uses a 50 nl tear sample to measure the osmolarity of the tear. The system is non-invasive, very easy to use and gives results in less than one minute.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The test is quick and the system does not require calibration. 12,13 The purpose of this study was to compare the tear osmolarity values between the eyes of patients with unilateral PEX syndrome and to compare the tear osmolarity of these eyes with otherwise normal subjects.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Tear osmolarity in unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Öncel

Pınarcı

Akova

2012

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Purpose:The aim was to evaluate tear osmolarity of patients with clinically unilateral pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and to compare the values with otherwise normal subjects. Methods: Sixty-two eyes of 31 patients with unilateral PEX syndrome and 31 eyes of 31 normal subjects were studied. The TearLab osmolarity system (OcuSense, Inc, San Diego, CA, USA) was used to measure tear osmolarity. Eyes were grouped as normal eyes of patients having unilateral PEX syndrome (group A), eyes of patients having unilateral PEX syndrome with deposits of PEX material (group B) and eyes of normal subjects (group C). Differences in tear osmolarity were compared among groups A, B and C. Independent t-tests and paired t-tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: The mean tear osmolarity was 298.7 Ϯ 7.8 mOsm/l (range 285 to 306) in the control group (group C), 306.3 Ϯ 6.6 mOsm/l (range 290 to 314) in the eyes of patients having PEX syndrome with deposits of pseudoexfoliative material (group B) and 301.4 Ϯ 7.1 mOsm/l (range 284 to 305) in the fellow eye of these patients (group A). There was a significant difference between tear osmolarity of groups C and B (independent t-test, p = 0.011). Also, there was a significant difference between the osmolarity of each eye of patients with unilateral PEX syndrome (groups A and B) (paired t-test, p = 0.001). The difference between tear osmolarity of groups A and C was not statistically significant (independent t-test, p = 0.146). Conclusion: In conclusion, tear osmolarity is higher in both eyes of patients when compared with normal subjects, using the independent t-test (although highest in clinically positive eyes of these patients). Both eyes of patients having PEX syndrome could be more prone to the development of dry eye syndrome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tear osmolarity in unilateral pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Öncel

Pınarcı

Akova

2012

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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“…According to the DEWS report, 24 osmolarity is considered among the most objective assessments of dry eye disease. 31 We followed the measurement procedure described by others. 31 To ensure the system was working normally, we used single-dose saline in every study visit before the measurements.…”

Section: Tear Film Osmolarity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 We followed the measurement procedure described by others. 31 To ensure the system was working normally, we used single-dose saline in every study visit before the measurements. Three consecutive TFO readings were obtained for this purpose, as suggested by Khanal and Millar and Tomlinson et al 32,33 After taking TFO readings, the tear film was examined by slitlamp microscopy to rule out any adverse events that could affect outcomes.…”

Section: Tear Film Osmolarity Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tear Film Osmolarity in Response to Long-Term Orthokeratology Treatment

Nieto-Bona

Nombela-Palomo

Felipe-Marquez

et al. 2018

Eye &Amp; Contact Lens: Science &Amp; Clinical Practice

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Purpose: To compare tear film osmolarity (TFO) measurements in noncontact lens (CL) wearers and wearers of hydrogel or overnight orthokeratology (OK) CLs, and to assess possible effects of long-term OK on TFO. Methods: Overall, 108 subjects with moderate myopia participated in 2 experiments, and TFO was measured using the TearLab osmolarity system. In experiment 1, TFO measurements were made in 77 right eyes of 23 non-CL wearers, 26 hydrogel wearers, and 28 OK wearers. Subjects in the last 2 groups had worn their CL for at least 3 years. In experiment 2, 31 individuals (habitual soft CL wearers) were enrolled for prospective longterm follow-up of OK treatment. These subjects were fitted with Paragon-CRT (n¼16) or Seefree (n¼15) lenses, and TFO readings were taken at baseline and after 1 month and 1 year of lens wear and after 1 month of OK treatment interruption. Results: Values of TFO were within the normal limits in all 3 subject groups, although significantly lower osmolarities (P,0.01) were observed in non-CL wearers (281.765.9 mOsm/L) compared with hydrogel (291616.5 mOsm/L) or OK lens wearers (301.7610.8 mOsm/L). In experiment 2, TFO differed significantly at baseline between the Paragon-CRT and Seefree groups (P,0.05), and a significant decrease in TFO compared with baseline (P,0.01) was observed in the Paragon-CRT group after 1 month of cessation of lens wear. Conclusion:Higher TFO values were observed in lens wearers (hydrogel or OK) than non-CL wearers. After interruption of OK treatment, TFO returned to similar values to those found in non-CL wearers. O rthokeratology (OK), also known as overnight corneal refractive therapy or corneal reshaping, is a clinical technique designed to transiently reduce or eliminate myopia. Over the years, developments in the field have made OK a feasible correction option for subjects who prefer not to wear spectacles or contact lenses (CLs) during the day. Today's fitting techniques enable predictable and safe outcomes for improving uncorrected visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, 1-4 including satisfactory subjective vision according to the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument-42 questionnaire. 5 The success of OK has been accompanied by a need to address the corneal response to treatment. Recent research efforts have examined changes in corneal morphology and physiology by assessing the effects of treatment on cell density, 6-8 thicknesses of the corneal layers, 9-11 subbasal nerve plexus (SBNP) distribution, 7,12 and corneal biomechanics. [13][14][15] Some studies have also determined OK effects on tear film components, 16 such as inflammatory mediators. 17 These studies conducted both in animals 18-20 and humans 6,7,12 have identified corneal changes produced in stromal and epithelial cell density, SBNP thickness and distribution, 7,12 and epithelial layer thickness ans also changes in the levels and distribution of proinflammatory mediators in the tear film samples of OK wearers. 17,21 To date, however, the effects of OK treatment o...

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