TEC prediction with neural network for equatorial latitude station in Thailand

Abstract

This paper describes the neural network (NN) application for the prediction of the total electron content (TEC) over Chumphon, an equatorial latitude station in Thailand. The studied period is based on the available data during the low-solar-activity period from 2005 to 2009. The single hidden layer feed-forward network with a back propagation algorithm is applied in this work. The input space of the NN includes the day number, hour number and sunspot number. An analysis was made by comparing the TEC from the neural network prediction (NN TEC), the TEC from an observation (GPS TEC) and the TEC from the IRI-2007 model (IRI-2007 TEC). To obtain the optimum NN for the TEC prediction, the root-mean-square error (RMSE) is taken into account. In order to measure the effectiveness of the NN, the normalized RMSE of the NN TEC computed from the difference between the NN TEC and the GPS TEC is investigated. The RMSE, and normalized RMSE, comparisons for both the NN model and the IRI-2007 model are described. Even with the constraint of a limited amount of available data, the results show that the proposed NN can predict the GPS TEC quite well over the equatorial latitude station.

Determination of Total Electron Content at Equatorial Region—Thailand Using Radio Occultation Technique

“…These results are in conformity with theoretical background that the impacts of solar activity on the earth's atmosphere must be taken into account [13]. In summer solar activities was significantly high while during the winter the energy released by the sun was very low.…”

“…Take for instance, the mean peak TEC and mean Peak electron density values increased from 140 (TECu) to 375 (TECu) and 3.8 × 10 5 cm 3 to 8.2 × 10 5 cm 3 respectively. It means that the monthly mean TEC and electron density characteristics correlate with 24th solar cycle prediction by National Aeronautics and Space Administration in which the solar activity was on the increase within the period of this investigation [13]. Except in 2011, it was also clear that the months that made up summer season were observed to be very high.…”

Impacts of solar activity on performance of the IRI-2012 model predictions from low to mid latitudes

“…This approach has the disadvantage of discrepancies between the experimental and model TEC values during high solar activity years (Mukherjee et al 2010). The IRI-2007 was released with many enhanced features and showed a good agreement with the observed data at the anomaly crest station (Chauhan and Singh 2010 IRI-2001, and IRI01-corr) at different equatorial and low-latitude regions (Watthanasangmechai et al 2012;Wichaipanich et al 2012;Kakinami et al 2012;Okoh et al 2012;Oyekola 2012;Oyekola andFagundes 2012a, 2012b).…”

Method for modeling of the components of ionospheric parameter time variations and detection of anomalies in the ionosphere

“…The Earth's ionosphere is part of the atmosphere, stretching from 80 to 1000 km and affecting radio wave propagation (Kato et al 2009;Nakamura et al 2009;Watthanasangmechai et al 2012). Its structure is changeable and heterogeneous, and its investigation is based on the variation analysis of environmental registered parameters.…”