Technical Basis of Dose Reconstruction

Anspaugh, L.R.

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4116-1_14

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 57 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Environmental measurements collected to directly answer the questions of exposure generally have less uncertainty than models that incorporate estimated parameters [29]. Under these situations, development of methodologies using environmental measurements are needed that are fast, accurate, and easily understood by the general public [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving tritium exposure reconstructions using accelerator mass spectrometry

Love

Vogel

Knezovich

2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Direct measurement of tritium atoms by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) enables rapid low-activity tritium measurements from milligram-sized samples and permits greater ease of sample collection, faster throughput, and increased spatial and/or temporal resolution. Because existing methodologies for quantifying tritium have some significant limitations, the development of tritium AMS has allowed improvements in reconstructing tritium exposure concentrations from environmental measurements and provides an important additional tool in assessing the temporal and spatial distribution of chronic exposure. Tritium exposure reconstructions using AMS were previously demonstrated for a tree growing on known levels of tritiated water and for trees exposed to atmospheric releases of tritiated water vapor. In these analyses, tritium levels were measured from milligram-sized samples with sample preparation times of a few days. Hundreds of samples were analyzed within a few months of sample collection and resulted in the reconstruction of spatial and temporal exposure from tritium releases. Although the current quantification limit of tritium AMS is not adequate to determine natural environmental variations in tritium concentrations, it is expected to be sufficient for studies assessing possible health effects from chronic environmental tritium exposure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving tritium exposure reconstructions using accelerator mass spectrometry

Love

Vogel

Knezovich

2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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Review of Methods of Dose Estimation for Epidemiological Studies of the Radiological Impact of Nevada Test Site and Global Fallout

Beck¹,

Anspaugh²,

Bouville³

et al. 2006

Radiation Research

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Methods to assess radiation doses from nuclear weapons test fallout have been used to estimate doses to populations and individuals in a number of studies. However, only a few epidemiology studies have relied on fallout dose estimates. Though the methods for assessing doses from local and regional compared to global fallout are similar, there are significant differences in predicted doses and contributing radionuclides depending on the source of the fallout, e.g. whether the nuclear debris originated in Nevada at the U.S. nuclear test site or whether it originated at other locations worldwide. The sparse historical measurement data available are generally sufficient to estimate external exposure doses reasonably well. However, reconstruction of doses to body organs from ingestion and inhalation of radionuclides is significantly more complex and is almost always more uncertain than are external dose estimates. Internal dose estimates are generally based on estimates of the ground deposition per unit area of specific radionuclides and subsequent transport of radionuclides through the food chain. A number of technical challenges to correctly modeling deposition of fallout under wet and dry atmospheric conditions still remain, particularly at close-in locations where sizes of deposited particles vary significantly over modest changes in distance. This paper summarizes the various methods of dose estimation from weapons test fallout and the most important dose assessment and epidemiology studies that have relied on those methods.

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Technical Basis of Dose Reconstruction

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

Improving tritium exposure reconstructions using accelerator mass spectrometry

Improving tritium exposure reconstructions using accelerator mass spectrometry

Review of Methods of Dose Estimation for Epidemiological Studies of the Radiological Impact of Nevada Test Site and Global Fallout

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