Technical note: A 2-stage cecal cannulation technique in standing horses1,2

Beard, Warren L.; Slough, Tara; Gunkel, Christian

doi:10.2527/jas.2010-3718

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Eight Quarter Horses (four mares, four geldings) with a mean BW of 535 ± 26.2 kg were used. All horses were fitted with a permanent cecal cannula (flexible ruminal cannula, #7c; 3.8 cm center diameter and 8.9 cm wall thickness; Bar Diamond, Parma, ID; Beard et al, 2011 ). Horses were housed in an enclosed facility in randomly assigned individual stalls (3.05 m × 3.66 m) bedded with pine shavings and had ad libitum access to water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestibility of diets containing calcium salts of fatty acids or soybean oil in horses1

Fehlberg

Lattimer

Vahl

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFAs) frequently are fed to ruminants, but their fate in the equine digestive system is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare Enertia s/f, a proprietary CSFAs, and soybean (SB) oil with respect to impact on apparent total tract nutrient digestion and cecal fermentation parameters in horses. Eight cecally cannulated Quarter Horses were used in a crossover design in which horses consumed a diet for 32 d consisting of 1.5% body weight (BW) (as-fed) smooth bromegrass hay and 0.5% BW (as-fed) pelleted concentrate containing 4.9% CSFAs or 4.1% SB oil. Fecal samples were collected every 4 h from day 30 to 32 of each period and analyzed for apparent total tract digestibilities of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), and gross energy (GE) using acid detergent insoluble ash as an internal marker. Cecal digesta was obtained at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h following the morning meal on day 29 of each period and analyzed for pH and concentrations of volatile fatty acid (VFA) and long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs). Serum was collected on day 33 of each period following a 16-h fast and analyzed for triglycerides and cholesterol. Apparent total tract digestibilities of DM, NDF, ADF, CP, CF, and GE were unaffected by lipid source (P > 0.10). Serum triglycerides tended to be greater in horses consuming CSFAs compared to SB (P = 0.10); however, serum cholesterol was not different (P = 0.45). In horses consuming SB, cecal pH decreased below baseline (hour 0) at hours 2, 4, and 6 (P < 0.01), whereas cecal pH in horses consuming CSFAs was below baseline at hours 4 and 6 (P < 0.01). There were no treatment or time effects on cecal pH (P > 0.10). Cecal concentrations of total VFAs were greater in horses consuming SB compared to CSFAs at hour 2 (P = 0.01). Cecal concentrations of acetate, propionate, acetate:propionate (A:P), and butyrate were affected by time (P < 0.01). Propionate was less at hour 2 in horses fed CSFAs compared to horses fed SB (P = 0.04). A treatment × time interaction was detected for total cecal LCFAs concentration (P < 0.01); LCFAs concentration was greater at hour 2 for horses consuming CSFAs compared to horses fed SB (P = 0.02). SB oil and CSFAs have similar effects on the digestion of DM, NDF, ADF, GE, CF, and CP.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digestibility of diets containing calcium salts of fatty acids or soybean oil in horses1

Fehlberg

Lattimer

Vahl

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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“…All procedures were approved by the Kansas State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Eight mature Quarter Horses (four geldings, four mares) with an initial mean BW of 515 ± 15.4 kg and previously fitted with cecal cannulae (Beard et al, 2011) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 (treatment × horse) Latin square design.…”

Section: Animals Facilities and Dietsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of sodium caseinate on hindgut fermentation and fiber digestion in horses

Jordan

Drouillard

Douthit

et al. 2018

Journal of Animal Science

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Eight cecally cannulated Quarter Horses were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square experiment conducted in four 14-d periods to determine effects of sodium caseinate (casein) on hindgut fermentation and fiber digestion. During each period, horses were assigned to one of four treatments consisting of control (water; CON), 0.125 g casein/kg BW (LOW), 0.25 g casein/kg BW (MED), or 0.5 g casein/kg BW (HI). Casein was solubilized in 800 mL water and dosed directly into the cecum at 0700 and 1900 hours using a metal dosing syringe. Smooth Bromegrass hay (CP 8.50%), water, and salt were provided ad libitum. New hay was fed at 0700 and 1900 hours, and orts were recorded at 1900 daily. During the final 3 d of each period, cecal digesta were collected every 6 h, pH was measured, and samples were frozen for subsequent analyses of VFA and NH 3 concentrations. Feed intake during the final 4 d of each period was recorded. Feces were collected during the 3-d sampling period, pooled, subsampled, and frozen. Fecal samples were analyzed for pH and used to determine digestibilities of DM, OM, NDF, and ADF. Statistical analyses were performed via the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4. Linear and quadratic effects of sodium caseinate on pH, VFA concentrations, and apparent digestibility were assessed by SAS. Digestibilities of DM, OM, ADF, and NDF were unaffected by treatment (P > 0.40). Horses dosed with CON and MED treatments had greater cecal pH than those fed LOW or HI treatments (P < 0.01). Cecal NH 3 concentrations increased linearly in response to the amount of casein administered (P < 0.01). Cecal NH 3 decreased 6 h after dosing and addition of new hay, regardless of treatment (P < 0.01). Total cecal VFA were unaffected by treatment (P > 0.10), but VFA changed over time with the greatest concentrations observed 6 h after treatments were administered and introduction of new hay (P < 0.01). Treatment did not affect DMI (P ≥ 0.17). In this experiment, cecal infusions of sodium caseinate had minimal to no effect on fermentation parameters or fiber degradation in the horse. A type II error may have occurred due to small population size or the medium quality hay fed to these horses provided sufficient N for microbial fermentation.

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“…Six Quarter horses (8 to 13 years; 516 ± 55.1 kg BW) each fitted with a permanent caecal cannula (flexible rumen cannula, #7c; 3.8 cm centre diameter and 8.9 cm wall thickness, Bar Diamond 13 ;) were used in a 6 × 6 Latin square across 6 treatment periods. Treatments consisted of beet pulp (BP), maize (M), dehydrated alfalfa (A), whole oats (OAT), soybean hulls (SBH) and wheat middlings (WM).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caecal fermentation characteristics of commonly used feed ingredients

Ochonski

Drouillard

Douthit

et al. 2020

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Background Commercial horse feeds use cereal grains and by‐products; however, their effects on the caecal environment remain poorly characterised. Objective Characterise the effect of commonly used feed ingredients on caecal pH and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. Study design 6 × 6 Latin square. Methods Two days prior to the start of the study, 6 caecally cannulated Quarter horses were moved into individual stalls where Smooth bromegrass hay (brome) was offered at 2.0% BW/d split between 2 feedings (0600 and 1800). On day 0, caecal digesta was collected every 2 h for 12 h relative to the 0600 feeding to establish control values for horses consuming only brome (HAY). On day 1, horses began consuming their respective treatments which consisted of beet pulp (BP), maize (M), dehydrated alfalfa (A), oats (OAT), soybean hulls (SBH), or wheat middlings (WM) at 0.25% BW/d split into 2 feedings. On day 7 of each treatment period, caecal digesta was collected every 2 h for 12 h and analysed for pH and VFA. Data were analysed using mixed ANOVA with repeated measures, fixed effects of treatment and time and random effects of horse and period. Results There was a main effect of hour (P ≤ .05) indicative of post‐prandial shifts in caecal metabolites. There were no main effects of treatment on pH or VFA concentration (P ≥ .3). Effects of hour × treatment (P ≤ .04) were observed for all response variables. Regardless of treatment or hour, caecal pH remained well within normal limits. Three horses exhibited signs of lower oesophageal choke immediately after consumption of BP pellets. Limitations Interactions between ingredients when mixed for formulation of a concentrate warrant further research. Furthermore, a short adaptation period was chosen to mimic common management practices. Conclusion Minimal differences in caecal fermentation parameters were detected when ingredients were fed at a common inclusion level.

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Technical note: A 2-stage cecal cannulation technique in standing horses1,2

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Digestibility of diets containing calcium salts of fatty acids or soybean oil in horses1

Digestibility of diets containing calcium salts of fatty acids or soybean oil in horses1

Effects of sodium caseinate on hindgut fermentation and fiber digestion in horses

Caecal fermentation characteristics of commonly used feed ingredients

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