Technical Note – Lateral Approach to the Lumbar Spine for the Removal of Interbody Cages

Moisi, Marc; Page, Jeni; Paulson, David F.; Oskouian, Rod J.

doi:10.7759/cureus.268

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In the current study, we isolated and characterized 17 28,40,41 In the current study we reported the first isolation of M. lehmannii, N. neocaledoniensis, S. heliomycini, and A. crystalopoetis from clinical samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran

Azadi¹,

Motallebirad²,

Ghaffari³

et al. 2020

IDR

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Background: Actinomycetes widely exist in nature and these species cause infections in immunocompromised and healthy patients, although they are frequently found as members of the normal microbiota of humans and animals. These subsequent infections are often misdiagnosed as malignancy and tuberculosis. Due to this issue, the present study aimed to determine the presence and diversity of actinomycetes species causing infections in Iranian patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 79 clinical samples collected from five hospitals in Markazi province were analyzed for the existence of actinomycetes using standard protocols for isolation and characterization of the isolates. The conventional tests were used for preliminary identification, the PCR amplification of hsp65 gene, the specific region of the 16S rRNA, and sequence analyses of 16S rRNA were applied for the genus and species identification. MICs of the antimicrobial agent were determined by the broth microdilution method and interpreted according to the NCCLS guidelines. Results: A total of 17 (21.51%) actinomycetes isolates were recovered from clinical samples. In other analyzed samples, eight (10.12%) gram-positive, 12 (15.18) gramnegative bacteria, and six (7.6) fungi isolates were recovered. The most prevalent actinomycetes species were M. fortuitum (17.64%), N. Mexicana and S. heliomycini (11.76% each), and 10 species, ie, N. farcinica, M. lehmannii, M. flavescens, Arthrobacter crystalopoetis, N. neocaledoniensis, M. phocaicum, M. abscessus, M. arupense, M. setense, and N. cyriacigeorgica made up the single isolates. Results of DST illustrated that all of the isolates were susceptible to Amikacin, Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin, and Ciprofloxacin, whereas all of them were resistant to Rifampicin and Doxycycline. Conclusion: In conclusion, increasing isolation of actinomycetes found in various clinical cases merits special attention by health authorities in developing countries. In health centers, action should be taken to increase awareness of appropriate diagnostic criteria and management guidelines for actinomycetes diseases. Furthermore, an increase in the number as well as the quality of national and regional reference laboratories may facilitate more accurate diagnosis of actinomycetes diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran

Azadi¹,

Motallebirad²,

Ghaffari³

et al. 2020

IDR

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“…3 The characteristics of GBM include rapid invasive growth, diffused infiltration, strong angiogenesis, and extensive genomic instability. 4 At present, the primary therapeutic methods for patients with GBM include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. 5 Despite tremendous progress in the techniques for GBM diagnosis and therapy, the clinical outcomes of patients with GBM remain dissatisfactory, and the median survival time is less than 20 months after diagnosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-559 plays an inhibitory role in the malignant progression of glioblastoma cells by directly targeting metadherin

Yang¹,

Zhang²,

Xu³

et al. 2019

OTT

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Purpose: Several microRNAs (miRNAs) that are aberrantly expressed in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) play a significant role in GBM formation and progression. The expression profile and functions of miR-559 in GBM remain unclear. Here, we quantified the expression and investigated the involvement of miR-559 in the oncogenicity of GBM cells in vitro and in vivo. Material and methods: Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was carried out to determine miR-559 expression in GBM tissues and cell lines. A series of functional assays was performed to evaluate the effects of miR-559 overexpression on GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion in vitro and on GBM tumor growth in vivo. The regulatory mechanisms of miR-559 action in GBM cells were then explored. Results: The expression of miR‑559 was lower in GBM tissues and cell lines and significantly correlated with the Karnofsky performance score and tumor size among patients with GBM. Exogenous miR‑559 expression inhibited GBM cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis. MiR-559 overexpression decreased tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic experiments confirmed metadherin ( MTDH ) as a direct target gene of miR-559 in GBM. Silencing of MTDH induced effects similar to those of miR-559 upregulation in GBM cells, whereas MTDH expression restoration attenuated the antitumor effects of miR‑559 in GBM cells. Protein kinase B (AKT) in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)–AKT signaling pathway was found to be deactivated in GBM cells after upregulation of miR-559 both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: MiR-559 acts as a tumor suppressor in GBM cells in vitro and in vivo, at least in part through the downregulation of MTDH and inhibition of AKT in the PTEN–AKT pathway. Therefore, targeting the miR-559–MTDH axis may be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with GBM.

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“…Besides its ease and minimally invasive direct access to the anterior lumbar spine, the technique increases safety by avoiding an area that has been affected by previous surgeries6). However, the lateral approach also has disadvantages associated with the approach pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Lateral Approach for the Removal of Migrated Interbody Cage: Taphole and Fixing Technique

2017

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When a revision surgery related with removal of failed interbody cage is required, going through the previous passage can lead to a higher risk of neurological deficits or incidental dural injuries. Recently, the lateral approach has become a popular method instead of the conventional anterior or posterior approaches. The lateral approach is also useful method to remove failed interbody cage previously placed and re-do interbody fusion with lower risks compared to revision surgery via previous passage. However, there is still some difficulty in retrieving the interbody cage from the intervertebral space because of no spacious passage, subsidence, and uncontrolled movable cage. In this study, we introduce our experience that we removed failed interbody cage more easily with only the simple additional steps of making a taphole and fixing the cage using a thread-tipped stick.

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Technical Note – Lateral Approach to the Lumbar Spine for the Removal of Interbody Cages

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

<p>Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran</p>

<p>Species Diversity, Molecular Characterization, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Opportunistic Actinomycetes Isolated from Immunocompromised and Healthy Patients of Markazi Province of Iran</p>

<p>MicroRNA-559 plays an inhibitory role in the malignant progression of glioblastoma cells by directly targeting metadherin</p>

Application of Lateral Approach for the Removal of Migrated Interbody Cage: Taphole and Fixing Technique

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