Technics of Plant Histochemistry and Virology

Rawlins, T. E.; Takahashi, William N.; Eisenberg, Warren

doi:10.1093/jaoac/36.4.1193

Cited by 13 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Iodine was applied in dilute aqueous solution for photomicrography. Zinc-chloride-iodide reagent (11) Zenith (medium-grain), and Caloro (short-grain), illustrating differences in appearance before cooking, immediately after cooking, and after simulated overnight soaking to accentuate differences in disruption patterns. Many observations and most of the photomicrographs were based on sections mounted in glycerol.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELS^a

Little

Dawson

1960

Journal of Food Science

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELS^a

Little

Dawson

1960

Journal of Food Science

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“…For transverse sections, the area was marked around the droplet using a marker pen and cut manually with a razor blade. Fresh sections were stained with Toluidine Blue O (Parker, Haskins & Deyrup-Olsen 1982) or with Rawlins-Takashashi reaction (Rawlins & Takahashi 1952) to identify the tissues. Stem surface was observed by environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) after drying the droplets with a tissue.…”

Section: Histochemical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel indirect defence in Brassicaceae: Structure and function of extrafloral nectaries in Brassica juncea

Mathur

Wagenaar

Caissard

et al. 2012

Plant Cell & Environment

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While nectaries are commonly found in flowers, some plants also form extrafloral nectaries on stems or leaves. For the first time in the family Brassicaceae, here we report extrafloral nectaries in Brassica juncea. The extrafloral nectar (EFN) was secreted from previously amorphic sites on stems, flowering stalks and leaf axils from the onset of flowering until silique formation. Transverse sections at the point of nectar secretion revealed a pocket-like structure whose opening was surrounded by modified stomatal guard cells. The EFN droplets were viscous and up to 50% of the total weight was sugars, 97% of which was sucrose in the five varieties of B. juncea examined. Threonine, glutamine, arginine and glutamate were the most abundant amino acids. EFN droplets also contained glucosinolates, mainly gluconapin and sinigrin. Nectar secretion was increased when the plants were damaged by chewing above-and belowground herbivores and sap-sucking aphids. Parasitoids of each herbivore species were tested for their preference, of which three parasitoids preferred EFN and sucrose solutions over water. Moreover, the survival and fecundity of parasitoids were positively affected by feeding on EFN. We conclude that EFN production in B. juncea may contribute to the indirect defence of this plant species.

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“…A range of stains was used to determine the histochemistry of the responses occurring in infected embryos. The presence of lignin was detected with phloroglucinol-HCl (JOHANSEN 1940), zinc-chlor-iodine (RAWLINS and TAKAHASHI 1952), Safranin-Fast green or Safranin-Delafield's haematoxylin (JENSEN 1962). Zinc-chlor-iodine also detects suberin and cellulose.…”

Section: Histology and Histochemistry Of Inoculated Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological and histochemical detection of defence responses in pine embryos challenged in vitro with Heterobasidion annosum

Nsolomo

Woodward

1997

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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Embryos of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus nigra var. maritima and Pinus contorta were inoculated in vitro with Heterobasidion annosum and the histology and histochemistry of the host response determined. Three days after challenge, intercellular penetration of hyphae through the epidermis and into the cortex of the host species had occurred. In cells close to the invading hyphae, cell walls became thickened in all three pine species. Lignification and suberization of cell walls in the cortex was detectable in P. nigra var. maritima and P. contorta, but not in P. sylvestris. Moreover, cells in the cortex of P. nigra var. maritima and P. contorta became occluded with dense deposits staining positively for phenolic and lipidic materials. Starch grains had accumulated in host cells close to sites of penetration by day 3, and levels appeared to increase by day 6, except for tissues where heavy mvasion by H. annosum had occurred. Host responses intensified between 3 and 6 days after challenge. By day 6, however, the pathogen had penetrated as far as the stele and into the developing xylem vessels. Nine days after challenge, host tissues contained abundant intra-and inter-cellular hyphae, causing severe disruption and disintegration of all tissues. The utility of such in vitro systems in studies on the resistance responses of conifers to challenge with fungal pathogens is discussed.

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Technics of Plant Histochemistry and Virology

Cited by 13 publications

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HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELS^a

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELS^a

A novel indirect defence in Brassicaceae: Structure and function of extrafloral nectaries in Brassica juncea

Histological and histochemical detection of defence responses in pine embryos challenged in vitro with Heterobasidion annosum

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Technics of Plant Histochemistry and Virology

Cited by 13 publications

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HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELSa

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELSa

A novel indirect defence in Brassicaceae: Structure and function of extrafloral nectaries in Brassica juncea

Histological and histochemical detection of defence responses in pine embryos challenged in vitro with Heterobasidion annosum

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HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELS^a

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF RAW ‐4ND COOKED RICE KERNELS^a