Technique for monitoring ozone precursor hydrocarbons in air at photochemical assessment monitoring stations: Sorbent preconcentration, closed-cycle cooler cryofocusing, and GC-FID analysis

Oliver, Karen D.; Adams, Jeffrey R.; Daughtrey, E. Hunter; McClenny, William A.; Yoong, Matthias J.; Pardee, Michael A.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(95)00371-1

Cited by 39 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The method for atmospheric hydrocarbon measurements is based on GC separation of the individual hydrocarbons and the detection of each using a flame ionization detector (FID). The detail of this automated GC method was discussed by Oliver et al [1996]. On average, the LODs for most of VOCs can be under 0.5 ppb.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summertime formaldehyde observations in New York City: Ambient levels, sources and its contribution to HOx radicals

Lin¹,

Schwab²,

Demerjian³

et al. 2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Measurements of ambient formaldehyde (HCHO), related gases and particulate matter were carried out from the SUNY Albany mobile platform at the Queens College site in New York City (NYC) from 15 July to 3 August 2009. Ambient HCHO was measured using a quantum cascade laser (QCL) trace gas detector. HCHO concentrations ranged from 0.4 to 7.5 ppb with a mean value of 2.2 AE 1.1 ppb. Daily HCHO peaks were nearly always found between 1100 EST (Eastern Standard Time) and noontime throughout the sampling period. HCHO correlated strongly with NOx and black carbon during the traffic rush hours, but around noontime HCHO correlated much better with total oxidants (Ox = O 3 + NO 2 ). Using the diurnal pattern of HCHO/BC ratios, we estimated that 70% of HCHO present between 1200 EST to 1500 EST was produced by photochemical reactions. Sources of photochemically produced HCHO were calculated using measured concentrations of hydrocarbons, their reaction kinetics with OH radicals, and HCHO yields. These calculations indicated that isoprene oxidation was the dominant source of HCHO for this period at this site, responsible for 44%, followed by methane (25%) and propene (18%). To assess the impact of HCHO as a radical source, the HOx production rates from HCHO, HONO, O 3 photolysis, and alkenes +O 3 were calculated as well. Daily averaged HOx production rates from HONO, HCHO, O 3 photolysis and alkenes +O 3 were 8.6 Â 10 6 , 2.3 Â 10 6 , 1.7 Â 10 6 , 2.1 Â 10 5 molecules cm À3 s À1 , respectively, contributing 67, 18, 13 and 2% to the overall daily HOx radical budget from these precursors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summertime formaldehyde observations in New York City: Ambient levels, sources and its contribution to HOx radicals

Lin¹,

Schwab²,

Demerjian³

et al. 2012

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Such decomposition losses of BVOC can be reduced for any type of cartridge packing if ozone and water are removed from traps immediately after sampling. This can be achieved by purging the trap with a defined amount of an inert gas such as helium or pure nitrogen (Oliver et al, 1996;US Environmental Protection Agency, 1999). By reducing the contact between adsorbed BVOCs and ozone, losses arising from long-time storage can also be limited.…”

Section: Sampling In Polluted Atmospheresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimations of isoprenoid emission capacity from enclosure studies: measurements, data processing, quality and standardized measurement protocols

Niinemets

Kühn²,

Harley³

et al. 2011

Biogeosciences

187

145

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Abstract. The capacity for volatile isoprenoid production under standardized environmental conditions at a certain time (E S , the emission factor) is a key characteristic in constructing isoprenoid emission inventories. However, there is large variation in published E S estimates for any given species partly driven by dynamic modifications in E S due to acclimation and stress responses. Here we review additional sources of variation in E S estimates that are due to measurement and analytical techniques and calculation and averaging procedures, and demonstrate that estimations of E S critically depend on applied experimental protocols and on data processing and reporting. A great variety of experimental setups has been used in the past, contributing to study-toCorrespondence to:Ü. Niinemets (ylo.niinemets@emu.ee) study variations in E S estimates. We suggest that past experimental data should be distributed into broad quality classes depending on whether the data can or cannot be considered quantitative based on rigorous experimental standards. Apart from analytical issues, the accuracy of E S values is strongly driven by extrapolation and integration errors introduced during data processing. Additional sources of error, especially in meta-database construction, can further arise from inconsistent use of units and expression bases of E S . We propose a standardized experimental protocol for BVOC estimations and highlight basic meta-information that we strongly recommend to report with any E S measurement. We conclude that standardization of experimental and calculation protocols and critical examination of past reports is essential for development of accurate emission factor databases.

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“…1 Ambient air chromatograms ing system cheaper and suitable for field campaigns. The combination of two carbon-based sorbents allows one to focus on a wide range of hydrocarbons [3,10,11]. Carbopack B (granulometry of 60-80 mesh) was chosen as the first sorbent to capture the heaviest fraction (C 6 -C 9 ).…”

Section: Analytical Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, public authority laws are evolving towards increased VOC ambient monitoring for a variety of uses: In the past 20 years, enormous resources have been expended to develop the measuring techniques. Automatic gas chromatography is particularly adapted to study the evolution of VOC concentrations in ambient air [2,3]. A recent study of Durana et al [4] underlines that an automatic chromatograph is able to provide frequent (hourly) analyses for long periods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An automated monitoring system for VOC ozone precursors in ambient air: development, implementation and data analysis

Badol

Borbon

Locoge

et al. 2004

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

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An automated system for the monitoring of volatile organic compound (VOC) ozone precursors in ambient air is described. The measuring technique consists of subambient preconcentration on a cooled trap followed by thermal desorption and GC/FID analysis. First, the technical development, which permits detection limits below 0.05 ppbv to be reached, proceeded in two steps: (1). the determination of optimum sampling parameters (trap composition and conditioning, outlet split, desorption temperature); (2). the development of a reliable calibration method based on a highly accurate standard. Then, a 4-year field application of the hourly measuring chain was carried out at two urban sites. On the one hand, quality control procedures provided the best VOC identification (peak assignment) and quantification (reproducibility, blank system control). On the other hand, the success and performances of the routine experience (88% of the measurements covered more than 40 target compounds) indicated the high quality and suitability of the instrumentation which is actually applied in several French air quality monitoring networks. Finally, an example of data analysis is presented. Data handling identified important organic compound sources other than vehicle exhaust.

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Technique for monitoring ozone precursor hydrocarbons in air at photochemical assessment monitoring stations: Sorbent preconcentration, closed-cycle cooler cryofocusing, and GC-FID analysis

Cited by 39 publications

References 2 publications

Summertime formaldehyde observations in New York City: Ambient levels, sources and its contribution to HOx radicals

Summertime formaldehyde observations in New York City: Ambient levels, sources and its contribution to HOx radicals

Estimations of isoprenoid emission capacity from enclosure studies: measurements, data processing, quality and standardized measurement protocols

An automated monitoring system for VOC ozone precursors in ambient air: development, implementation and data analysis

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