Techniques for estimation of milk yield in beef cows and relationships of milk yield to calf weight gain and postpartum reproduction.

Beal, W. E.; Notter, D. R.; Akers, R.M.

doi:10.2527/1990.684937x

Cited by 96 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These findings give major support to the concept that the development of calves is milk-dependent up to 90 days of age (Grings et al, 2008;Quintans et al, 2010). The daily gains observed after temporary weaning with separation are in agreement with those reported by other authors (Beal et al, 1990). Calf daily gains during the evaluated period (0.54 and 0.60 kg d .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Supplementation with a mixture of whole rice bran and crude glycerin on metabolic responses and performance of primiparous beef cows

et al. 2016

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-This study investigated the effect of a supplement containing whole rice bran and crude glycerin for 21 days before mating on metabolic, productive, and reproductive responses of 28 primiparous suckling beef cows. Cows were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, n = 14), grazing on grasslands, and a supplemented group (SUP, n = 14), grazing on grasslands and supplemented daily individually with 1 kg dry matter (DM) of whole rice bran + 550 mL crude glycerin (224 g kg −1 DM of methanol) per cow. After 33 days of natural mating, cows that had not expressed estrus were subjected to a fixed-time artificial insemination protocol. Ten days after the insemination program, bulls were reintroduced for 21 days. . The percentage of cows on superficial anestrous after supplementation was greater in SUP than in CON group (57 vs. 21%, respectively); however, no difference in final pregnancy rate was found (SUP: 79 vs. CON: 64%). There was no evidence that the ingestion of crude glycerin with high content of methanol induced clinical or hepatic disorders. Supplementation of whole rice bran and crude glycerin is not toxic, and can improve the energy balance, reflecting in increase in milk yield and calf growth, with a slight effect on the reproductive activity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Supplementation with a mixture of whole rice bran and crude glycerin on metabolic responses and performance of primiparous beef cows

et al. 2016

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“…These calves were artificially reared. Individual milk intake of suckling calves was measured every four weeks by the weigh-suckle-weigh technique [2]. The cows were culled if they were not pregnant within nine months after the last parturition (based on rectal palpation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body condition scoring in relation to changes in body weight and performance in Belgian Blue double-muscled beef cows

Fiems¹,

Caelenbergh²,

Campeneere³

et al. 2006

Anim. Res.

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-The relationship between the body condition in Belgian Blue double-muscled cows and the performance of cows and calves has been studied over a 5-year period. One hundred and twenty-six cows, with a mean initial parity of 1.6 ± 1.1 were involved. During each winter, they were fed 100, 90, 80 or 70% of their energy requirements (140-day restriction period). At the end of April, all cows were turned out on pasture in identical circumstances (re-alimentation period). Half of the cows were suckled by their offspring; the other cows were dried off following calving and colostrum collection. Body condition score (BCS; scale 0 to 5) was determined at the start and end of the restriction period and the re-alimentation period, at monthly intervals and at calving. Two hundred and thirteen parturitions were involved, of which 63% occurred during the first half of the year. BCS (mean of monthly observations) was lower (P < 0.001) in primiparous (1.45) cows than in cows with two (1.69) or more parturitions (1.81). BCS (mean of monthly observations) was lower in suckling cows (1.51) than in dry cows (1.79; P < 0.001). BCS (mean of monthly observations) was reduced by energy restriction from 1.75 to 1.56 (P < 0.001). BCS-change during the restriction and re-alimentation periods was related to body weight change (R 2 = 0.538). BCSchange was negative during the restriction period, but it was more than compensated for during the re-alimentation period. BCS at calving was not related to the length of the subsequent calving interval. Cows with a BCS less than 1.5 at calving, yielded less milk and calf performance was reduced when compared with those with a BCS over 1.5. The dams of calves that died at birth had a lower BCS at calving (1.45) than the dams of surviving calves (1.75; P = 0.044). Open cows at 9 months postpartum had a higher BCS at calving (1.78) than cows that became pregnant within 9 months postpartum (1.50; P < 0.001). Consequently, it is difficult to define a universal optimum BCS for double-muscled cows, resulting in a maximal milk production and calf growth, a low calf loss and cow culling rate and a calving interval of approximately one year. (140 jours ; période de restriction). Toutes les vaches ont été mises au pâturage dans des conditions identiques à partir de la fin avril (période de compensation). La moitié des vaches ont allaité leur veau, tandis que les autres vaches ont été taries après collection du colostrum. La NEE (0-5) était déterminée au début et à la fin de la période de restriction et de la période de compensation, chaque mois et aussi au moment du vêlage. Il y avait 213 vêlages, dont 63 % pendant la première moitié de l'année. La NEE (moyenne des observations) était plus faible (P < 0,001) chez les primipares (1,45) que chez les vaches à deux (1,69) ou plus de vêlages (1,81). La NEE (moyenne des observations) était plus faible chez les vaches allaitantes (1,51) que les vaches taries (1,79 ; P < 0,001). La NEE (moyenne des observations) a été réduite de 1,75 à 1,56 par une restriction ...

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“…Several studies have been conducted in beef cattle to evaluate milk production potential (e.g. Williams et al, 1978;Beal et al, 1990;Jenkins & Ferrell, 1992). These studies were conducted using mainly European breeds raised under temperate environments except in few cases (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of lactation curve parameters for Bonsmara and Nguni cattle using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique

et al. 2014

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Milk production accounts for about 60% of the variation in weaning weight and is therefore considered an economically important trait in beef production. However, milk production data is not routinely available in beef improvement programmes and therefore weaning weight is used as a proxy for milk production. Despite the importance of milk production in beef cattle, little research has been done to evaluate the milk production potential of South African indigenous beef cattle. The objective of this study was to estimate average lactation curve parameters for the South African Bonsmara and Nguni cattle. Milk yield was estimated using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique. Lactation curves were modelled using a nonlinear form of the incomplete gamma function (Wood function): Y t = at b exp -ct. Estimates of the a, b and c parameters were 4.095 ± 0.808, 0.274 ± 0.063 and 0.005 ± 0.001 for the Bonsmara, respectively. Corresponding estimates for the Nguni were 1.869 ± 1.527, 0.451 ± 0.242 and 0.008 ± 0.003. Peak lactation time was estimated to be 59 days in Bonsmara and 54 days in Nguni. Estimates of peak yields were 10 kg and 7 kg for the Bonsmara and Nguni, respectively. Estimates of daily milk yield obtained in the current study provide useful baseline information for more accurate modelling of South African beef production systems.

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Techniques for estimation of milk yield in beef cows and relationships of milk yield to calf weight gain and postpartum reproduction.

Cited by 96 publications

References 5 publications

Supplementation with a mixture of whole rice bran and crude glycerin on metabolic responses and performance of primiparous beef cows

Supplementation with a mixture of whole rice bran and crude glycerin on metabolic responses and performance of primiparous beef cows

Body condition scoring in relation to changes in body weight and performance in Belgian Blue double-muscled beef cows

Estimates of lactation curve parameters for Bonsmara and Nguni cattle using the weigh-suckle-weigh technique

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