Techniques for measurement of heat flux in furnace waterwalls of boilers and prediction of heat flux – A review

Sankar, G; Rao, Arpitha; Seshadri, Parthasarathy; Balasubramanian, K.R.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.03.013

Cited by 21 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Sankar et al . partially review some furnace‐modeling details . The radiant energy transfer model can be preprogrammed in ASPEN HYSYS using well stirred and plug flow equations.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive dynamic modeling, simulation, and validation for an industrial boiler incident investigation

Taimoor

Alghamdi

Farooqi

et al. 2019

Process Safety Progress

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Industrial boilers simulation can serve number of purposes like training, optimization, HAZOP studies, and incident investigation. Simulation including trip logics, interlockings, safety devices, start‐up and shutdown procedure is presented in this work. Simulation is directly accomplished in dynamic mode to benefit from the holdup approach to avoid anomalies because of recycling. The industrial DCS/PLC diagrams are replicated to imitate the boiler‐integrated behavior. Trip logics, start‐up and shutdown procedures are programmed using event scheduler. The inbuilt pressure relief module validates the simulated PSVs and rupture disc capacities. The model is then verified at three stages including ‘steady state’ achievement in dynamic mode, controller validation by start‐up and shut down procedures and finally by direct industrial data under deviant conditions. Where an unfortunate event is a concern, it also provides an opportunity to ponder and to evolve at various levels. Operational simulation of any such incident may help in getting a deep insight and thus to take accurate countermeasures. One such attempt is done in this work. A boiler accident has been reported. The complete response of the controllers and interlockings/trip system is imitated. The obtained results were compared with the chain of events that took place. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog: e12040 2019

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“…Sankar et al . partially review some furnace‐modeling details . The radiant energy transfer model can be preprogrammed in ASPEN HYSYS using well stirred and plug flow equations.…”

Section: Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive dynamic modeling, simulation, and validation for an industrial boiler incident investigation

Taimoor

Alghamdi

Farooqi

et al. 2019

Process Safety Progress

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“…In most studies on this subject [22,24,25], heat flux is measured using a heat flux meter inserted into the furnace through specified ports. The heat flux meter utilized in this study has a steel plug in the tip which measures the rate of heat flow per unit area.…”

Section: Measurement Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Heat Flux Profiles in Aluminum Reheating Furnace with Regenerative Burner

Zhang

Deng

2017

Energies

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Properly understanding heat flux characteristics is a crucial prerequisite to efficiently applying a regenerative burner in an aluminum reheating furnace. A series of experiments was conducted in this study in order to establish a database of the best available burners according to furnace temperature, excess air ratio, and flame combustion mode as they affect heat flux characteristics at the burner plane (Z = 0 mm). A heat flux model was developed to estimate heat transfer in the furnace, and the heat flux proportions of the other two horizontal levels (Z = 400 mm and Z = 750 mm) were investigated. The contour profile of heat flux indicates that total heat flux (THF) and radiation heat flux (RHF) increases with furnace temperature increment (900-1100 • C). Low excess air ratio (1.2-1.3, at furnace temperature 1100 • C) not only reduced the heat flux gradient, but also contributed to enlarge high THF areas and the maximum RHF. The flameless combustion mode displayed larger average THF and RHF uniformity than that of conventional combustion mode. Therefore, the burning effect of operating condition 1 (gas velocity, 90 m/s; excess air ratio, 1.2; flameless combustion) is better than the other conditions. A change of furnace temperature and excess air ratio had mildly effect on convection coefficient, but combustion mode was in contrast. The estimated heat flux distribution from the measured heat flux at the whole burner plane was in agreement with the fitted line of the axis of burner B. Although the intercept of the simulated equation was slightly underestimated, the error can be eliminated by improving the experimental conditions. The results presented here similarly apply to all regenerative burners. A comparison of heat flux among the three horizontal levels indicated that the RHF proportion comprised about 80% of the THF at each level, and a slightly increase (21.1 kW/m 2 ) of THF in the high level from the low levels.

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“…All experimental data are uncertain and all data collection involves models [1]. For example, Sankar et al [2] summarize various techniques for measuring heat flux in boilers. These experimental techniques all require models to convert measured quantities (e.g., voltages, resistances, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Bayesian Analysis to Quantify Uncertainty in Radiometer Measurements

Spinti

Smith

et al. 2021

Journal of Verification, Validation and Uncertainty Quantification

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We apply Bayesian inference to the issue of instrument calibration and experimental data uncertainty analysis for the specific application of measuring radiative intensity with a narrow-angle radiometer. We develop a physics-based instrument model that describes intensity, the indirectly-measured quantity of interest, as a function of scenario and uncertain model parameters. We identify a set of five uncertain parameters and find their probability distributions (the posterior or inverse problem) given the calibration data by applying Bayes' Theorem. We then employ the instrument model in a new scenario, a 1.5 MW coal-fired furnace. We obtain values for the five uncertain parameters in the model by sampling from the posterior distribution and then compute the intensity with quantifiable uncertainty at the measurement point of interest (the posterior predictive or forward problem).

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Techniques for measurement of heat flux in furnace waterwalls of boilers and prediction of heat flux – A review

Cited by 21 publications

References 62 publications

Comprehensive dynamic modeling, simulation, and validation for an industrial boiler incident investigation

Comprehensive dynamic modeling, simulation, and validation for an industrial boiler incident investigation

Evaluating Heat Flux Profiles in Aluminum Reheating Furnace with Regenerative Burner

Using Bayesian Analysis to Quantify Uncertainty in Radiometer Measurements

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