Techno-economic analysis of H2 production processes using fluidized bed heat exchangers with steam reforming – Part 1: Oxygen carrier aided combustion

Stenberg, Viktor; Spallina, Vincenzo; Mattisson, Tobias; Rydén, Magnus

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.10.202

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(97 reference statements)

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“…This value agrees with the thermal efficiency of reverse flow reactors, which is a reactor type suggested to be sustainable for exothermic reactions . From a practical point of view, to recover the heat released from the SESR reactor, a fluidized bed heat exchanger, consisting of a fluidized bed with heat exchanger tubes immersed in it, could be used. , Likewise, heat pipes have been suggested for indirect heating of the calciner in the chemical looping technology − and recently also for SESMR …”

Section: Model Development and Process Configurationssupporting

confidence: 71%

“…38 From a practical point of view, to recover the heat released from the SESR reactor, a fluidized bed heat exchanger, consisting of a fluidized bed with heat exchanger tubes immersed in it, could be used. 5,39 Likewise, heat pipes have been suggested for indirect heating of the calciner in the chemical looping technology 40−42 and recently also for SESMR. 30 On the other hand, the spent sorbent, forming CaCO 3 , is separated from the H 2 -rich gas stream and sent to the REG reactor, where the sorbent is regenerated to CaO to ensure process operation in a cyclic fashion.…”

Section: Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It would however be possible to reach negative emissions using air combustion for sorbent regeneration if the calciner reactor was indirectly heated. Indirect heating can be achieved by supplying energy to the calciner from an external combustor via a fluidized-bed heat exchanger 5,39 or using heat pipes, 40−42 as recently reported in the literature. 30 The negative emissions that could be reached with indirect heating for the studied cases are shown in Table 9.…”

Section: Caomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H₂ Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Capa

Yan

Rubiera

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Renewable clean H2 has a very promising potential for the decarbonization of energy systems. Sorption enhanced steam reforming (SESR) is a novel process that combines the steam reforming reaction and the simultaneous CO2 removal by a solid sorbent, such as CaO, which significantly enhances hydrogen generation, enabling high-purity H2 production. The CO2 sorption reaction (carbonation) is exothermic, but the sorbent regeneration by calcination is highly endothermic, which requires extra energy. Biogas is one of the available carbon-neutral renewable H2 production sources. It can be especially relevant for the energy integration of the SESR process since, due to the exothermic sorption reaction, the CO2 contained in the biogas provides extra heat to the system, which can help to balance the energy requirements of the process. This work studies different process configurations for the energy integration of the SESR process of biogas for high-purity renewable H2 production: (1) SESR with sorbent regeneration using a portion of the produced H2 (SESR+REG_H2), (2) SESR with sorbent regeneration using biogas (SESR+REG_BG), and (3) SESR with sorbent regeneration using biogas and adding a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit for hydrogen purification (SESR+REG_BG+PSA). When using biogas as fuel (Cases 2 and 3), these configurations were studied using air and oxy-fuel combustion atmospheres in the sorbent regeneration step, resulting in five case studies. A thermodynamic approach for process modeling can provide the optimal process operating conditions and configurations that maximize the energy efficiency of the process, which are the basis for subsequent optimization of the process at the practical level needed to scale up this technology. For this purpose, process simulations were performed using a steady-state plant model developed in Aspen Plus, incorporating a complex heat exchanger network (HEN) to optimize heat integration. A comprehensive parametric study assessed the effects of biogas composition, temperature, pressure, and steam to methane (S/CH4) ratio on the process performance represented by the selected key performance indicators, i.e., H2 purity, H2 yield, CH4 conversion, cold gas efficiency (CGE), net efficiency (NE), fuel consumption for the sorbent regeneration step, and CO2 capture efficiency. H2 with a purity of 98.5 vol % and a CGE of 75.7% with zero carbon emissions can be achieved. When adding a PSA unit, nearly 100% H2 purity and CO2 capture efficiency were achieved with a CGE of 77.3%. The use of oxy-fuel combustion during regeneration lowered the net efficiency of the process by 2.3% points (since it requires an air separation unit) but allowed the process to achieve negative carbon emissions.

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Section: Model Development and Process Configurationssupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Configurationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Caomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H₂ Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Capa

Yan

Rubiera

et al. 2023

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…Furthermore, the integration with the solar system results in higher flexibility of the entire CLC plant. Other comprehensive techno-economic analyses of chemical looping combustion technologies can be found elsewhere [124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133]. The most recent study on a 550 MW e brown coal-fired CLC power plant is provided by Sayeed et al [134].…”

Section: Competitiveness Of Clc Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Looping Combustion: A Brief Overview

et al. 2022

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The current development of chemical looping combustion (CLC) technology is presented in this paper. This technique of energy conversion enables burning of hydrocarbon fuels with dramatically reduced CO2 emission into the atmosphere, since the inherent separation of carbon dioxide takes place directly in a combustion unit. In the beginning, the general idea of the CLC process is described, which takes advantage of solids (so-called oxygen carriers) being able to transport oxygen between combustion air and burning fuel. The main groups of oxygen carriers (OC) are characterized and compared, which are Fe-, Mn-, Cu-, Ni-, and Co-based materials. Moreover, different constructions of reactors tailored to perform the CLC process are described, including fluidized-bed reactors, swing reactors, and rotary reactors. The whole systems are based on the chemical looping concept, such as syngas CLC (SG-CLC), in situ Gasification CLC (iG-CLC), chemical looping with oxygen uncoupling (CLOU), and chemical looping reforming (CLR), are discussed as well. Finally, a comparison with other pro-CCS (carbon capture and storage) technologies is provided.

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“…One example of a possible application of bubbling fluidized beds with methane/light hydrocarbons as fuel is to use the bed as a heat source for steam reforming [22][23][24][25][26]. In this process, the fuel gas is expected to be a mix of PSA off-gas consisting of mainly CO 2 but also H 2 , CO and CH 4 and supplementary fuel in the form of light hydrocarbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Oxygen Carrier Aided Combustion (OCAC) with Methane and PSA Off-Gas

et al. 2020

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Oxygen carrier aided combustion (OCAC) is utilized to promote the combustion of relatively stable fuels already in the dense bed of bubbling fluidized beds by adding a new mechanism of fuel conversion, i.e., direct gas–solid reaction between the metal oxide and the fuel. Methane and a fuel gas mixture (PSA off-gas) consisting of H2, CH4 and CO were used as fuel. Two oxygen carrier bed materials—ilmenite and synthetic particles of calcium manganate—were investigated and compared to silica sand, an in this context inert bed material. The results with methane show that the fuel conversion is significantly higher inside the bed when using oxygen carrier particles, where the calcium manganate material displayed the highest conversion. In total, 99.3–99.7% of the methane was converted at 900 °C with ilmenite and calcium manganate as a bed material at the measurement point 9 cm above the distribution plate, whereas the bed with sand resulted in a gas conversion of 86.7%. Operation with PSA off-gas as fuel showed an overall high gas conversion at moderate temperatures (600–750 °C) and only minor differences were observed for the different bed materials. NO emissions were generally low, apart from the cases where a significant part of the fuel conversion took place above the bed, essentially causing flame combustion. The NO concentration was low in the bed with both fuels and especially low with PSA off-gas as fuel. No more than 11 ppm was detected at any height in the reactor, with any of the bed materials, in the bed temperature range of 700–750 °C.

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Techno-economic analysis of H2 production processes using fluidized bed heat exchangers with steam reforming – Part 1: Oxygen carrier aided combustion

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H₂ Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H₂ Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Chemical Looping Combustion: A Brief Overview

Experimental Investigation of Oxygen Carrier Aided Combustion (OCAC) with Methane and PSA Off-Gas

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Techno-economic analysis of H2 production processes using fluidized bed heat exchangers with steam reforming – Part 1: Oxygen carrier aided combustion

Cited by 22 publications

References 59 publications

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H2 Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H2 Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Chemical Looping Combustion: A Brief Overview

Experimental Investigation of Oxygen Carrier Aided Combustion (OCAC) with Methane and PSA Off-Gas

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H₂ Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas

Process Simulations of High-Purity and Renewable Clean H₂ Production by Sorption Enhanced Steam Reforming of Biogas