Techno-economic analysis of thermochemical water-splitting system for Co-production of hydrogen and electricity

Budama, Vishnu Kumar; Johnson, Nathan G.; Ermanoski, Ivan; Stechel, Ellen B.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.10.060

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…If compared to research performed with different methodology, the highest experimental efficiency reported for a TCC is 5.25% [43]. Moreover, system efficiencies as high as 38.2% have been published when using less conservative models in different software [56,57]. In contrast, lower ceria flowrates are required for the TCC in the enhanced case, and therefore, less waste heat is produced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Waste heat at high temperatures (>600 • C) is obtained in several parts of the process, such as exothermal reactors (R-101, R-201 and R-501) and coolers (E-103, E-104, E-203 and E-204). As already suggested by other authors, this heat can be used for powering a Rankine cycle and obtain electricity [56,57]. In large plants, steam Rankine cycles (SRC) are assumed to achieve 40% [58].…”

Section: Heat Integration and Waste Heat Exploitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergies between Direct Air Capture Technologies and Solar Thermochemical Cycles in the Production of Methanol

2021

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Methanol is an example of a valuable chemical that can be produced from water and carbon dioxide through a chemical process that is fully powered by concentrated solar thermal energy and involves three steps: direct air capture (DAC), thermochemical splitting and methanol synthesis. In the present work, we consider the whole value chain from the harvesting of raw materials to the final product. We also identify synergies between the aforementioned steps and collect them in five possible scenarios aimed to reduce the specific energy consumption. To assess the scenarios, we combined data from low and high temperature DAC with an Aspen Plus® model of a plant that includes water and carbon dioxide splitting units via thermochemical cycles (TCC), CO/CO2 separation, storage and methanol synthesis. We paid special attention to the energy required for the generation of low oxygen partial pressures in the reduction step of the TCC, as well as the overall water consumption. Results show that suggested synergies, in particular, co-generation, are effective and can lead to solar-to-fuel efficiencies up to 10.2% (compared to the 8.8% baseline). In addition, we appoint vacuum as the most adequate strategy for obtaining low oxygen partial pressures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heat Integration and Waste Heat Exploitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergies between Direct Air Capture Technologies and Solar Thermochemical Cycles in the Production of Methanol

2021

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“…First, elevated temperature endothermic process and lowered temperature exothermic process. This reaction’s net result is a thermochemical water-splitting process that gives an abundance of free energy post-reaction ( Budama et al, 2021 ). In the thermo catalytic reaction ( Figure 9 ), the metal catalyst (usually metal oxide) undergoes reduction during the first endothermic step.…”

Section: Methods Of Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermocatalytic Hydrogen Production Through Decomposition of Methane-A Review

et al. 2021

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Consumption of fossil fuels, especially in transport and energy-dependent sectors, has led to large greenhouse gas production. Hydrogen is an exciting energy source that can serve our energy purposes and decrease toxic waste production. Decomposition of methane yields hydrogen devoid of COx components, thereby aiding as an eco-friendly approach towards large-scale hydrogen production. This review article is focused on hydrogen production through thermocatalytic methane decomposition (TMD) for hydrogen production. The thermodynamics of this approach has been highlighted. Various methods of hydrogen production from fossil fuels and renewable resources were discussed. Methods including steam methane reforming, partial oxidation of methane, auto thermal reforming, direct biomass gasification, thermal water splitting, methane pyrolysis, aqueous reforming, and coal gasification have been reported in this article. A detailed overview of the different types of catalysts available, the reasons behind their deactivation, and their possible regeneration methods were discussed. Finally, we presented the challenges and future perspectives for hydrogen production via TMD. This review concluded that among all catalysts, nickel, ruthenium and platinum-based catalysts show the highest activity and catalytic efficiency and gave carbon-free hydrogen products during the TMD process. However, their rapid deactivation at high temperatures still needs the attention of the scientific community.

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“…The efficiency is calculated for %0.4 million combinations, and this sample set is used for the linear regression model. The results of the linear regression model are shown in Equation ( 19)- (21). These equations can be used to predict the efficiency of the multireceiver system at any given DNI level and aperture sizes.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[17] In a two-step thermochemical water-splitting process, a redox material goes through a cycle of thermal reduction and oxidation reactions to produce hydrogen fuel. [18][19][20][21][22][23] Thermal reduction is an endothermic reaction, whereas oxidation is an exothermic reaction. The first thermochemical water-splitting cycle was proposed by Nakamura in 1977 using Fe 3 O 4 /3Feo as redox material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Analysis and Optimization of Solar Thermochemical Water‐Splitting Cycle with Single and Multiple Receivers

et al. 2021

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Solar thermochemical water‐splitting cycle models for hydrogen production with single and multiple receivers working between 1773 and 1173 K are developed. The receiver pressures and aperture sizes are optimized for maximum cycle efficiency. The efficiency of the cycle increases with the number of receivers because of the decrease in vacuum pump work. The solar‐to‐fuel efficiency is increased by 14% going from a one receiver system to a four‐receiver system. The performance analyses of the cycles with varying direct normal irradiance (DNI) shows that the advantage of multiple receivers vanishes as DNI decreases because of the constant radiation losses from the receiver apertures. These radiation losses from the aperture can be lowered when a receiver with a variable aperture size is used. The efficiency of a two‐receiver system increases by 48% at DNI 300 W m−2% and 15% at DNI 900 W m−2 using a variable aperture size. The performance of the multireceiver systems with variable aperture size is discussed using a linear regression model. In addition, the option of cogeneration of hydrogen and electricity in a multireceiver system is analyzed. The efficiencies of single‐, two‐, three‐, and four‐receiver systems for cogeneration are 19.6%, 20.0%, 20.57%, and 21.1%, respectively.

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Techno-economic analysis of thermochemical water-splitting system for Co-production of hydrogen and electricity

Cited by 26 publications

References 51 publications

Synergies between Direct Air Capture Technologies and Solar Thermochemical Cycles in the Production of Methanol

Synergies between Direct Air Capture Technologies and Solar Thermochemical Cycles in the Production of Methanol

Thermocatalytic Hydrogen Production Through Decomposition of Methane-A Review

Performance Analysis and Optimization of Solar Thermochemical Water‐Splitting Cycle with Single and Multiple Receivers

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