Techno-economic evaluation of a solar PV integrated refrigeration system for a cold storage facility

Ikram, Hamid; Javed, Adeel; Mehmood, Mariam; Shah, Musannif; Ali, Majid; Waqas, Adeel

doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101063

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Estimation of previously mentioned metrics is carried out by considering the set of assumptions summarized in Table 2. [51] $2580 PV module cost [52] 0.33 $/W p Inverter cost [53] 0.43 $/W p Battery cost [54,55] 327.6 $/kWh PV panels' annual degradation rate [56] 0.05% Annual operation and maintenance costs [31] 1% [60] 1300 kgCO 2 /kg Annual R134a refrigeration leakage [61] 10% Initial refrigerant charging amount per cooling load [61] 2 kg/kW Carbon footprint for PV [62] 40 gCO 2 /kWh Carbon footprint for electric grid [62] 627.4 gCO 2 /kWh…”

Section: Study Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a combination of battery storage and cooling storage could prove to be slightly beneficial in the case of the resort since it requires cooling only in the nighttime. In another study, Ikram et al [31] investigated a banana storage facility located in Mardan, Pakistan. The products need to be maintained at a temperature of 15 • C for 4 to 5 days after being preheated to 25 • C. The authors proposed a 161 m 2 PV array with 48 modules.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design, Economic, and Environmental Accounting Assessment of a Solar-Powered Cold Room for Fish Storage in Traditional Markets

Rami,

Allouhi

2024

Sustainability

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The food industry, crucial for emerging economies, faces challenges in refrigeration, particularly in fish storage. High energy consumption, environmental impact, and improper cooling methods leading to food waste are significant issues. Addressing these challenges is vital for economic and environmental sustainability in the food sector, especially concerning fish storage where spoilage rates are high. In this context, this research proposes a sizing methodology, evaluation, and parametric simulations based on multi-criteria attributes for a solar PV-powered cold room for storing fish in traditional markets in Morocco. To identify the cooling load of the system, TRNSYS 16 was utilized to simulate the transient behavior, while the PV array specifications were determined using SAM 2017.9.5 software. The design process introduced a cold room coupled to a refrigeration unit powered by a 15.3 m2 PV array with a 1.8 kWp nameplate capacity. Finally, yearly and life cycle metrics including self-sufficiency, self-consumption, Levelized Cost of Cooling (LCOC), discounted payback period (DPP), CO2 emissions avoided and total environmental penalty cost savings (TEPCS) are evaluated to assess the performance of the system and a sensitivity analysis was conducted on these metrics. The proposed system has an attractive LCOC of 0.131 $/kWhCold and a DPP of 3.511 years. Using the PV array proved to avoid 437.56 tons of CO2 emissions and generated TEPCS from $100.59 to $866.66. The results of this study highlight the potential for utilizing renewable energy sources in the refrigeration sector to improve both economic and environmental sustainability.

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Section: Study Assumptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design, Economic, and Environmental Accounting Assessment of a Solar-Powered Cold Room for Fish Storage in Traditional Markets

Rami,

Allouhi

2024

Sustainability

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“…The results showed that ambient and water temperature variation is adaptive with the first method [ 90 ] Ikram et al Simulation PV refrigerator for cold storage system The simulation by PV*Sol showed a conceptual design for PV coupled with a refrigeration system. Economic assessments reported about five years for the payback period for the designated system [ 91 ] Du et al Experimental and simulation Dynamic analysis of PV-cold storage Solar-cold energy conversion efficiency was inversely linked with solar radiation intensity at the same evaporation temperature when ice thermal energy storage was used in place of a battery [ 92 ] …”

Section: Refrigeration Cycles Powered By Photovoltaicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photovoltaic and Photovoltaic Thermal Technologies for Refrigeration Purposes: An Overview

Alsagri

2022

Arab J Sci Eng

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Refrigeration systems have a broad range of applications, playing a critical role in human life. Especially, vaccine preservation in rural regions has become more critical than in the past during the COVID19 era. In this sense, meeting the cooling process's energy need with renewable energy is critical, as the grid cannot support it. Thus, solar energy has been extensively studied for use in refrigeration cycles. Compression, absorption, adsorption, desiccant, and ejector refrigeration cycles are frequently used in this configuration. This article discusses multiple studies showing various attributes' impact on a system's overall efficiency. Most previous reviews did not cover PV with refrigeration cycles. So, this paper surveys the literature on PV-powered cooling cycles. For better classification, PV technologies are categorized into three types: PV, PVT, and CPVT. With this regard, CPVTs still have a way to progress due to a lack of studies compared to PV. The works are divided into three main sections as Exergy Studies, Experimental Studies, and Simulation and Numerical Studies. This review paper categorizes and rates refrigeration-assisted solar systems based on exergy destruction, exergy efficiency, and COP of cooling cycles. The results showed that PV panels have the highest exergy destruction in most of the systems. It is concluded that using PV technologies has a great potential to supply cooling demand, especially in a hot climate condition. Moreover, the study's findings are anticipated to aid designers in scaling up photovoltaic-based cooling systems, resulting in more efficient and sustainable designs.

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“…However, O&M cost is required to cover the cleaning expenditures of PV modules, inverter replacement cost, and any possible contingency. The initial capital cost of 1000 USD/kW (Akbar et al, 2020), annual O&M cost of 10.0 USD/kW (Ikram et al, 2021), inflation rate of 10 % (Asad et al, 2022), electricity export rate of 0.09 USD/kWh (Ahmed et al, 2021), debt ratio of 50 % (Khalid and Junaidi, 2013), debt interest rate of 9.75 % (Mehmood et al, 2022), discount rate of 9% (Khalid and Junaidi, 2013), electricity export and fuel cost escalation rate of 2% (Rauf et al, 2022), project life of 25 years (Rauf et al, 2022), and debt term of 10 years (Khalid and Junaidi, 2013) were used in the energy model based on the studies and quotations from PV system installers in the local market. Using defined input economic parameters, annual lifecycle savings, benefit-cost ratio, NPV, IRR, SPBP, LCOE, etc.…”

Section: Financial Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic feasibility analyses of grid- connected solar photovoltaic power plants for small scale industries of Punjab, Pakistan

et al. 2022

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The globally soaring energy prices and electricity shortfall are major hurdles in the economic development of Pakistan. To cope with periodic power outages, small and medium enterprise (SME) business owners have to fall back on alternate power sources such as backup generators and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), which further increase the per kWh cost of electricity, power quality issues, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. On the contrary, grid-tied solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are not only economical and sustainable but support the national power grid to mitigate environmental emissions. This study aims to investigate and compare the techno-economic viability of grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plants for the manufacturing SME sector in four different districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Based on the technical, financial, and environmental indicators, a detailed techno-economic, sensitivity, and GHG emission analysis is conducted using RETScreen Expert software. The research findings clearly show that the proposed solar PV projects for all four locations are technically, financially, and environmentally viable, however, Sargodha as compared to other sites is the most feasible location with the highest capacity factor of 17.8 %, highest internal rate of return 14.9 %, lowest payback period 7.7 years, and least levelized cost of electricity 8.5 ¢/kWh. For validation, the simulation results are compared with performance metrics from PV plants erected in various parts of the world. Applying the same research approach to the whole industrial sector of Punjab recommends adding 13,469 MW of PV capacity to satisfy the industry’s 20446.21 GWh annual energy consumption and to cut emissions by 90,17,581 t CO2 per year. This research work presents guidelines for researchers to evaluate the feasibility of suitable PV technologies for the SME sector thereby helping investors to have a holistic view of potential investment zones.

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Techno-economic evaluation of a solar PV integrated refrigeration system for a cold storage facility

Cited by 16 publications

References 20 publications

Design, Economic, and Environmental Accounting Assessment of a Solar-Powered Cold Room for Fish Storage in Traditional Markets

Design, Economic, and Environmental Accounting Assessment of a Solar-Powered Cold Room for Fish Storage in Traditional Markets

Photovoltaic and Photovoltaic Thermal Technologies for Refrigeration Purposes: An Overview

Techno-economic feasibility analyses of grid- connected solar photovoltaic power plants for small scale industries of Punjab, Pakistan

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