Technoeconomics and Sustainability of Renewable Methanol and Ammonia Productions Using Wind Power-based Hydrogen

Matzen, Michael J; Alhajji, Mahdi H; Demi̇rel, Yaşar

doi:10.4172/2090-4568.1000128

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…About 96% of the hydrogen (H 2 ) required for the production of ammonia via Haber-Bosch process is derived from fossil fuels (Parkinson et al, 2018). The remaining 4% is generated from electricity which will include some indirect use of fossil fuels from coal or natural gas electrical generation (Michael et al, 2015). A typical Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) process produces approximately 9-10 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2eq ) for each tonne of hydrogen produced (Parkinson et al, 2018).…”

Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Arora et al (2018) identified the carbon emissions and costs related to ammonia production. The system boundary by Tallaksen and Reese in their study for ammonia production powered by wind was comprised of wind power, water electrolyzer, hydrogen compression, nitrogen separation/compression, ammonia production, and ammonia storage (Matzen et al, 2015). However, the system boundary selected by Arora et al was more detailed in comparison.…”

Section: Environmental Impact Of Various Ammonia Production Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonia consists of 17.6 wt% hydrogen, showing that ammonia is an indirect hydrogen storage compound (Michael et al, 2015). Ammonia's energy density is 4.32 kWh/liter, which is similar to methanol (CH 3 OH), and approximately double that of liquid hydrogen (Soloveichik, 2017b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

et al. 2021

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Due to the important role of ammonia as a fertilizer in the agricultural industry and its promising prospects as an energy carrier, many studies have recently attempted to find the most environmentally benign, energy efficient, and economically viable production process for ammonia synthesis. The most commonly utilized ammonia production method is the Haber-Bosch process. The downside to this technology is the high greenhouse gas emissions, surpassing 2.16 kgCO2-eq/kg NH3 and high amounts of energy usage of over 30 GJ/tonne NH3 mainly due to the strict operational conditions at high temperature and pressure. The most widely adopted technology for sustainable hydrogen production used for ammonia synthesis is water electrolysis coupled with renewable technologies such as wind and solar. In general, a water electrolyzer requires a continuous supply of pretreated water with high purity levels for its operation. Moreover, for production of 1 tonne of hydrogen, 9 tonnes of water is required. Based on this data, for the production of the same amount of ammonia through water electrolysis, 233.6 million tonnes/yr of water is required. In this paper, a critical review of different sustainable hydrogen production processes and emerging technologies for sustainable ammonia synthesis along with a comparative life cycle assessment of various ammonia production methods has been carried out. We find that through the review of each of the studied technologies, either large amounts of GHG emissions are produced or high volumes of pretreated water is required or a combination of both these factors occur.

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Section: Chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Impact Of Various Ammonia Production Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

et al. 2021

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“…For some chemicals (namely, methanol and formic acid), CCU has been reported to be technologically feasible, economically viable under higher chemical market prices than the current ones, and reducing CO 2 emissions in combination with renewable energy sources [3]. In line with this result, Matzen et al [4,5] reported the sustainability of the production of renewable methanol, ammonia, and Dimethyl Ether (DME) from renewable hydrogen produced by wind energy. Van der Giesen et al [6] quantified the impact of producing synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from CO 2 using Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process using three different CO 2 sources and three electricity sources in a cradle-to-grave approach, concluding that only two scenarios would emit fewer Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) than the conventional fuel production.…”

Section: Of 16mentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Natural Gas Production from Different CO2 Sources: A Cradle-to-Gate Study

et al. 2020

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Fuel production from hydrogen and carbon dioxide is considered an attractive solution as long-term storage of electric energy and as temporary storage of carbon dioxide. A large variety of CO2 sources are suitable for Carbon Capture Utilization (CCU), and the process energy intensity depends on the separation technology and, ultimately, on the CO2 concentration in the flue gas. Since the carbon capture process emits more CO2 than the expected demand for CO2 utilization, the most sustainable CO2 sources must be selected. This work aimed at modeling a Power-to-Gas (PtG) plant and assessing the most suitable carbon sources from a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) perspective. The PtG plant was supplied by electricity from a 2030 scenario for Italian electricity generation. The plant impacts were assessed using data from the ecoinvent database version 3.5, for different CO2 sources (e.g., air, cement, iron, and steel plants). A detailed discussion on how to handle multi-functionality was also carried out. The results showed that capturing CO2 from hydrogen production plants and integrated pulp and paper mills led to the lowest impacts concerning all investigated indicators. The choice of how to handle multi-functional activities had a crucial impact on the assessment.

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“…These profiles are continuously supplemented in an iterative process during the project period by various subprojects and partners and used as a means of communication. The profiles were first generated by a literature review with various data sources for methanol , polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether (OME) , , , , , , urea , , polymers, and alcohols , . The static evaluation is based on these profiles which will be updated by project results.…”

Section: Static Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for the Evaluation of CO₂‐Based Syntheses by Coupling Steel Industry with Chemical Industry

Stießel

Berger

Sanchis

et al. 2018

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Carbon‐intensive sectors like steel or chemical industry need to reduce their emissions and their dependence on fossil feedstocks to help reaching climate goals. Coupling previously independent sectors by carbon capture and utilization and power‐to‐X technologies are promising concepts. Within the Carbon2Chem® project, a generic approach for the evaluation of various plant configurations with respect to future market and energy scenarios is presented. Economically and ecologically favorable concepts for the recycling of steel mill gases to valuable products, especially methanol, by integrating high amounts of renewable energies are identified for the year 2030.

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Technoeconomics and Sustainability of Renewable Methanol and Ammonia Productions Using Wind Power-based Hydrogen

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Natural Gas Production from Different CO2 Sources: A Cradle-to-Gate Study

Methodology for the Evaluation of CO₂‐Based Syntheses by Coupling Steel Industry with Chemical Industry

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Technoeconomics and Sustainability of Renewable Methanol and Ammonia Productions Using Wind Power-based Hydrogen

Cited by 47 publications

References 41 publications

Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

Sustainable Ammonia Production Processes

Life Cycle Assessment of Synthetic Natural Gas Production from Different CO2 Sources: A Cradle-to-Gate Study

Methodology for the Evaluation of CO2‐Based Syntheses by Coupling Steel Industry with Chemical Industry

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Methodology for the Evaluation of CO₂‐Based Syntheses by Coupling Steel Industry with Chemical Industry