Technological Aspects of the Production of Fructo and Galacto-Oligosaccharides. Enzymatic Synthesis and Hydrolysis

Martins, Gonçalo Nuno; Ureta, María Micaela; Tymczyszyn, E. Elizabeth; Castilho, Paula C.; Gómez-Zavaglia, Andrea

doi:10.3389/fnut.2019.00078

Cited by 143 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 220 publications

(305 reference statements)

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“…Alternatively, many prebiotic fibers can be produced on a large scale via enzymatic processing of simple and complex sugars [92]. For example, GOS is commercially synthesized from lactose via the action of β-galactosidases, whereas FOS can be manufactured from sucrose using a transfructosylation reaction or via enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin extract [131]. Novel synthetic prebiotics can also be manufactured at scale.…”

Section: Prebiotic Functional Foods For Targeting Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Medicine: Prebiotic and Probiotic Functional Foods to Target Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Green

Arora

Prakash

2020

IJMS

193

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Obesity has become a global epidemic and a public health crisis in the Western World, experiencing a threefold increase in prevalence since 1975. High-caloric diets and sedentary lifestyles have been identified as significant contributors to this widespread issue, although the role of genetic, social, and environmental factors in obesity’s pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. In recent years, much attention has been drawn to the contribution of the gut microbiota in the development of obesity. Indeed, research has shown that in contrast to their healthier counterparts the microbiomes of obese individuals are structurally and functionally distinct, strongly suggesting microbiome as a potential target for obesity therapeutics. In particular, pre and probiotics have emerged as effective and integrative means of modulating the microbiome, in order to reverse the microbial dysbiosis associated with an obese phenotype. The following review brings forth animal and human research supporting the myriad of mechanisms by which the microbiome affects obesity, as well as the strengths and limitations of probiotic or prebiotic supplementation for the prevention and treatment of obesity. Finally, we set forth a roadmap for the comprehensive development of functional food solutions in combatting obesity, to capitalize on the potential of pre/probiotic therapies in optimizing host health.

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Section: Prebiotic Functional Foods For Targeting Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Medicine: Prebiotic and Probiotic Functional Foods to Target Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Green

Arora

Prakash

2020

IJMS

193

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“…β-Glycosidase possesses transferase activity that allowed to synthesize numerous oligosaccharides, in particular to attach galactose to saccharide acceptors or to other chemicals, resulting in the formation of GOS. GOS exhibited potential applications in the industry such as the production of food ingredients, pharmaceuticals, and several biological active compounds [10]. Even if the β-galactosidase catalyzes both hydrolysis and transgalactosylation reactions, the ratio depends on the reaction conditions.…”

Section: Gos Synthesis By Transglycosylation Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glycosidases are impressive nanomolecular machines that catalyze the hydrolysis of the glycosidic linkage in very diverse biological processes; under specific conditions, glycosidases can also catalyze the reverse reaction, promoting the formation of glycoside linkages [9]. The transglycosidases reactions are applied in the synthesis of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) or as alternative tools for alkyl glycoside and polyglycosides synthesis particularly in food and personal care products [10]. In this scenario, activity of glycosidases from different species has been widely studied, especially for their mechanism of action, structure, and specificity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forty years of study on the thermostable β‐glycosidase fromS. solfataricus: Production, biochemical characterization and biotechnological applications

Febbraio

Ionata

Marcolongo

2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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The aim of this paper is to make the point on the fortieth years study on the β‐glycosidase from Sulfolobus solfataricus. This enzyme represents one of the thermophilic biocatalysts, which is more extensively studied as witnessed by the numerous literature reports available since 1980. Comprehensive biochemical studies highlighted its broad substrate specificity for β‐d‐galacto‐, gluco‐, and fuco‐sides and also showed its remarkable exo‐glucosidase and transglycosidase activities. The enzyme demonstrated to be active and stable over a wide range of temperature and pHs, withstanding to several drastic conditions comprising solvents and detergents. Over the years, a great deal of studies were focused on its homotetrameric tridimensional structure, elucidating several structural features involved in the enzyme stability, such as ion pairs and post‐translational modifications. Several β‐glycosidase mutants were produced in the years in order to understand its peculiar behavior in extreme conditions and/or to improve its functional properties. The β‐glycosidase overproduction was also afforded reporting numerous studies dealing with its production in the mesophilic host Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Pichia pastoris, and Lactococcus lactis. Relevant applications in food, beverages, bioenergy, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceutical fields of this enzyme, both in free and immobilized forms, highlighted its biotechnological relevance.

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“…El producto obtenido posee grados de polimerización que oscilan entre 2 y 60 unidades, con un tamaño medio de entre 10 y 12 monómeros. Aunque no existe una clara convención, fructanos con un tamaño entre 2-10 residuos y una media de 9 son denominados oligofructosa o FOS y aquellos con tamaño menor a 5 monómeros, se denominan FOS de cadena corta 92,93 . Los FOS son comúnmente producidos por hidrólisis de la inulina.…”

Section: Fuentes De Opnd Prebióticos Y Suunclassified

Oligosacáridos y polisacáridos no digeribles: una fuente de salud para los adultos mayores

et al. 2020

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Technological Aspects of the Production of Fructo and Galacto-Oligosaccharides. Enzymatic Synthesis and Hydrolysis

Cited by 143 publications

References 220 publications

Microbial Medicine: Prebiotic and Probiotic Functional Foods to Target Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Microbial Medicine: Prebiotic and Probiotic Functional Foods to Target Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Forty years of study on the thermostable β‐glycosidase fromS. solfataricus: Production, biochemical characterization and biotechnological applications

Oligosacáridos y polisacáridos no digeribles: una fuente de salud para los adultos mayores

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