Technological parameter optimization of multilayer enclosure structures with the multiple-criteria decision analysis

This article analyzes the fire extinguishing efficiency of hydrocarbon and fluorinated film-forming foaming agent. It was revealed that fluorinated blowing agents have a number of significant advantages over hydrocarbon. The main ones are: ensuring inertness when feeding from foam of various heights and distances, long-term prevention of reignition, extinguished petroleum product, the possibility of extinguishing hydrocarbon flames by supplying foam to the base of the tank, directly into the fuel layer.

“…The higher the spreading coefficient value is, the more efficient is the foam in extinguishing petroleum products [12][13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire-extinguishing efficiency and environmental performance of foam for extinguishing a warehouse space with oil

Degaev

2019

“…According to our calculations, the use of modern generators of high-quality foam, installed every five floors, can provide rapid filling of elevator shafts, eliminating the possibility of smoke and flame inside the building and promoting the safe evacuation of people and the preservation of the bearing capacity of the building [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• The capacity to ensure the process of extinguishing the flame in the room and the elevator shaft does not exceed 60 seconds [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Potential For Use Of High Expansion Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

Operational safety of high-rise buildings

Degaev

2019

Risk of fire and smoke dangers are greater in high-rise rather than low-rise buildings. Use of high expansion foam delivered through elevator shafts can prevent or reduce smoke and fire damage and injury in high-rise buildings. Injection of foam with high multiplicity due to structural rigidity can accumulate between floors of buildings to prevent the spread of flame and smoke. Reaching an area of high-intensity flame, this foam is destroyed, resulting in the absorption of energy from the upward flow of products of combustion.

“…Reinforced-concrete floor structures are the most material-intensive structures of the buildings. [8][9][10][11] The idea of usage of not extractable void formers consists in reducing the structures' weight through replacing concrete by them, concrete does not take part in the work, and thereby strength characteristics are not reduced. [12][13][14] Innovation -is the introduction of an innovation, which requires additional investments for its implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacement of floor structures in capital repair with the use of not extractable void formers

Afanasyev

2019

Urgency of the floor structures replacement is driven by the program of capital repair of the residential buildings adopted by the government and stipulates replacement of wood coverings by armored concrete floors that enable increase of stability, fire-resistance and cost effectiveness. Wood partitions and other elements of planning made of materials with low fire-resistance are also subject to replacement. It has been shown that the use of void formers allows reducing consumption of concrete, reinforcement, reduces duration of building and energy consumption. Thereby the stability and fire-resistance increase of the buildings under renovation is achieved. Solving these tasks is the objective of the represented work. It is worth noting that when renovating buildings the data about the use of not extractable void formers are absent. The technology development is an author’s initiative. The goal of the investigations consists in analyzing the works of the domestic and foreign scientists that make it possible to assess effectiveness of the technology when erecting buildings of cast in-situ reinforced concrete with the use of void formers. The submitted work has carried out the adaptation of the works performance technology in confined spaces of capital repair. Optimization of the void formers selection has been made, node points of the slabs’ resting on brick walls have been developed, the technology of dismantlement, form work, reinforcing, installation of void formers and concrete pouring has been developed. The complex of the works provides for obtainment of floor structures with the lesser consumption of concrete and reinforcement..