“…There are numerous empirical studies published in scholarly peer-reviewed journals beyond the scope of learning analytics where researchers have found statistically significant links between student performance in online courses and activity-related factors (Blumenthal et al, 2014;Chang, Wu, Kuo & You3, 2012;Farrington, 2014;Gibson & Dunning, 2012;Hu, Lo & Shih, 2014;Kaufman & Schunn, 2011;Lu & Law, 2012;Lu & Zhang, 2012;Mirriahi & Alonzo, 2015;Pombo & Talaia, 2012;Russell, 2015;Shih, 2011;Strang, 2010Strang, , 2011Strang, , 2013aThomas, Reyes & Blumling, 2014;Wichadee, 2014;Zacharis, 2015). Thus, there may be relevant concepts in other domains that show how student activity in online courses may be related to estimating performance as well as how that knowledge could be applied to improve teaching.…”